Acut e Otitis Externa is an inflammation of the outer auditory meatus, and according to popular saying, medicinal plant extracts can be used in its treatment. Aim: to assess the in vitro antimicrobial activity of the following plants: Aleolanthus suaveolens; Caryophyllus aromaticus; Cymbopogon citratus; Matricaria chamomila; Pithecellobium avaremotemo; Plectranthus amboinicus and Ruta graveolens on the germs that cause otitis externa. Materials and Methods: the minimum inhibitory concentration of extracts and oils from these plants was obtained from otitis externa samples. Results: Staphylococcus aureus in 10 cultures, Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 8, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus together in 5 cultures and Candida albicans and Candida krusei in 4 cultures. P. aeruginosa was resistant to all oils and extracts tested; extracts from A. suaveolens, P. avaremotemo and R. graveolens were inactive; the essential oil from C. aromaticus and M. chamomila were active against 3 strains of S. aureus and the Candida strains; seven of the S. aureus strains were sensitive to the P. amboinicus extract; however, the oil was inactive against 4 S. aureus strains and the Candida strains were sensitive to the R. graveolens essential oil. Conclusion: depending on the etiological agent, some plants presented satisfactory results, however we still need more detailed studies in order to better use these plants.
Acut e Otitis Externa is an inflammation of the outer auditory meatus, and according to popular saying, medicinal plant extracts can be used in its treatment. Aim: to assess the in vitro antimicrobial activity of the following plants: Aleolanthus suaveolens; Caryophyllus aromaticus; Cymbopogon citratus; Matricaria chamomila; Pithecellobium avaremotemo; Plectranthus amboinicus and Ruta graveolens on the germs that cause otitis externa. Materials and Methods: the minimum inhibitory concentration of extracts and oils from these plants was obtained from otitis externa samples. Results: Staphylococcus aureus in 10 cultures, Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 8, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus together in 5 cultures and Candida albicans and Candida krusei in 4 cultures. P. aeruginosa was resistant to all oils and extracts tested; extracts from A. suaveolens, P. avaremotemo and R. graveolens were inactive; the essential oil from C. aromaticus and M. chamomila were active against 3 strains of S. aureus and the Candida strains; seven of the S. aureus strains were sensitive to the P. amboinicus extract; however, the oil was inactive against 4 S. aureus strains and the Candida strains were sensitive to the R. graveolens essential oil. Conclusion: depending on the etiological agent, some plants presented satisfactory results, however we still need more detailed studies in order to better use these plants.
Chi ldren need good hearing for adequate learning. Hearing screening in students is important because it allows cases that go unnoticed by the family may be detected. Aim:To evaluate hearing in children aged 4-15 years -public school students from pre-first to the fifth grade in the city of Cabedelo, Paraíba state. Material and Methods:A prospective study of 98 students referred by teachers of 18 public schools in Cabedelo, from June 2007 to June 2010. Students were examined by an otolaryngologist and underwent audiometric testing.Results: Eighteen schools were enrolled in this study. The student's age ranged from 4 to 15 years; 62% were male and 38% were female. Otolaryngological tests were normal in 85% of cases, and abnormal in 15% of cases. The most frequent findings were ear wax and tympanic membrane retraction. Audiometry demonstrated normal hearing in 66% of children and impaired hearing in 34%. Conclusion:Hearing Screening in school children is an important method for diagnosing hearing loss, especially in low-income populations.ORIGINAL ARTICLE Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2011;77(6):716-20. BJORL
Acute external otitis is a polymicrobial infection and proper knowledge regarding microorganism etiology and susceptibility will contribute to rational antibiotic usage and treatment success.
Probi otics are live microorganisms used as supplementary food, usually lactic acid bacteria that can change either the composition and/or the metabolic activities of the gut microbiota modulating the immune system in a way that benefits the person's health.Aim: to review the use of Probiotics (Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium) in allergic rhinitis patients. Materials and Methods:Pubmed original articles were used as data source.Results: results indicate that probiotics, Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium appear to prevent allergy recurrences, alleviate the severity of symptoms and improve the quality of life of patients with allergic rhinitis. This happens because of the immune system modulation through the induction of cytokine production which cause a dominant TH1 response in allergic patients by modulating the TH1/TH2 balance effect. Conclusion:The use of probiotic bacteria could be an effective and safe way to prevent and/ or treat allergic rhinitis, but its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, clinical studies using probiotics and dietary intervention should be the focus of future research to enable a more widespread use. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2011;77(1):129-34. BJORL REVIEW ARTICLE
Acut e external otitis is a polymicrobial infectious disease. Aim:The purpose of this study was to isolate, identify and determine the Antimicrobial susceptibility of organisms causing otitis externa (OE). Methods: twenty-seven swabs were taken from the ears of 27 patients with OE for culture and 22 microorganisms were isolate to evaluate sensitivity. In vitro susceptibility tests were performed by agar diffusion disk and results were interpreted according to Clinical Laboratory Standards. Results: 10 Ear cultures were positive for S. aureus , 8 for P. aeruginosa, 5 for P. aeruginosa and S. aureus and 4 for fungal organisms (Candida albicans e C. Krusei). Gentamicin and quinolones were active against all bacteria tested and significant resistance to amoxicillin/clavulanate was observed. The tested species of Candida had been sensitive to amphothericin B, nystatin, fluconazole and clotrimazole and resistant to miconazole. Conclusion: Acute external otitis is a polymicrobial infection and proper knowledge regarding microorganism etiology and susceptibility will contribute to rational antibiotic usage and treatment success.
2 RESUMOObjetivo: Avaliar se os professores do ensino infantil da rede pública de Cabedelo/PB têm conhecimento sobre a triagem auditiva escolar, como realizam esta triagem e se a mesma está baseada em achados na literatura. Material e Métodos: Estudo descritivo transversal, realizado por meio de entrevista estruturada com 31 professores do Ensino Público do Município de Cabedelo/ Paraíba -Brasil. As entrevistas foram transcritas e posteriormente submetidas à análise. Resultados: A grande maioria dos sujeitos entrevistados tinha conhecimento sobre a triagem auditiva escolar, mas sem haver critérios claros e científicos para encaminhamento de crianças ao exame auditivo. Conclusão: A triagem auditiva escolar é importante, para detecção de perdas auditivas, mas para ser efetiva, necessita da participação consciente e orientada dos professores. DESCRITORES Docentes. Linguagem infantil. Desenvolvimento infantil. Perda auditiva. Saúde escolar. SUMMARY Objective:To assess whether the infant school teachers from public school in Cabedelo / PB are knowledgeable about the hearing screening at school, how they carry out this screening and whether it is based on findings in the literature criteria. Material and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, conducted through structured interviews with 31 teachers of Public Education of the City of Cabedelo / Paraíba. The interviews were transcribed and then analyzed. Results: The majority of interviewees have knowledge about hearing screening at school but without clear and scientific criteria for referral to the hearing test. Conclusion: The school hearing screening is important to detect hearing loss, but to be effective it needs oriented and conscious participation of teachers. DESCRIPTORS
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