A model of organic compound removal by biological wastewater treatment processes receiving pulp and paper industry wastewaters has been developed and initial model verification performed at a single mill site. This paper presents the results of further model verification conducted at multiple mill sites, including replication of the original site. In addition, VOC losses at other unit processes are quantified. Activated sludge basin chloroform volatilization rates are predicted to within twelve percent of the measured rates. Predicted overall methanol removals are consistent with observed removals although difficulties encountered during off-gas sampling preclude determination of the extent of removal due to volatilization.
Takes a company study approach examining a division of 3M, focusing
on the development and commercialization of various new technologies and
new products. Describes the use of Cross‐Functional Teams in the
development process, which itself is considered as consisting of four
key stages, which are examined in detail. Concludes that constant review
of procedures and processes is necessary in order to improve product
development in industrial markets, while noting that other techniques
may be more appropriate for businesses in different sectors.
A mechanistic mathematical model of the aerated stabilization basin process utilized in the pulp and paper industry is presented. The time variable model is calibrated for a paper mill wastewater treatment system and is used to develop and test a control scheme for the optimization of aeration intensity. The control scheme is shown to reduce aerator usage on an annual basis by seventeen to thirty percent compared to the case of no control. The aerator usage reduction percentage was found to be inversely related to the organic loading rate per aerator horsepower. Savings in aerator usage under the control scheme were equivalent to the existing practice of seasonal aeration control. However, modest improvements in effluent quality variability were observed under the control scheme.
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