Organic compounds present in many industrial effluents are transported to varying extents to the gaseous or solid phase, in addition to potential biodegradation, during treatment. Knowledge of the fate of such compounds is critical for making valid policy and engineering decisions regarding issues such as the disposal of sludges, effluent toxicity, and emissions to the ambient air. To quantify the relative distribution of the fate of selected groups of compounds, a mathematical model is presented which describes the intermedia transport mechanisms including volatilization, solids sorption, and biodegradation. The extent of removal via each modeled pathway is a function of the physical properties of the speci$c compound and the process design and operational parameters of the system.
Pulp mill modifications implemented by kraft mills for the purposes of controlling air emissions, such as the installation of indirect secondary condensers installed in blow heat handling systems, may result in altered characteristics of wastewater treatment plant influents. This study examines the impacts on biological treatment processes associated with the presence of blow heat condensates in the influent stream. In addition, the effectiveness of pretreatment of the condensate stream with hydrogen peroxide, in the presence of the ferric ion, is examined under controlled conditions through the use of bench-scale bioreactors. The study results indicate that the presence of blow heat condensates may adversely impact the mixed liquor settleability properties in the activated sludge process, although subsequent trials conducted to re-create this condition were not successful. Effluent soluble BOD5 was not affected by the presence of the condensates. Ferric/peroxide pretreatment was found not to be effective at destroying either the methanol or the turpentine present in the condensate stream. However, a significant improvement in Microtox biological response was observed, presumably due to a reaction between the ferric ion and reduced sulfur compounds. Furthermore, no adverse impacts on settleability were observed in a bio-reactor receiving condensates which were pretreated with ferric/ieroxide.
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