A reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography method (HPLC) with coulometric electrochemical detection has been applied and validated for the simultaneous analysis of pyridoxamine (PM), pyridoxal (PL), and pyridoxine (PN) in cereal products. Isocratic separation was achieved using a C 18 column with a mobile phase consisting of methanol-phosphate buffer (10:90) and 0.018 M trimethylamine adjusted to pH 3.55 with 85% orthophosphoric acid. The limits of detection for PM, PL, and PN were 0.28, 0.36, and 0.43 ng mL −1 , respectively, with vitamins recoveries ranging from 90.4 to 98.1%. The applied method for the analysis of B 6 vitamins naturally present in grain products, offers a simple and fast sample preparation without derivatization. To understand vitamer separation further, methods of computational chemistry were employed. Specifically, density functional theory (DFT) was used to determine electrostatic potentials, as well as the charges of each vitamer. A number of correlations were established between these properties and elution order.
Background: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of a vegan diet on the serum lipid profile with particular regard to the parameters characterizing the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) fractions in subjects without subclinical atherosclerosis, measured by carotid Doppler ultrasonography. Methods and Results: Forty-two 23 to 38 year old subjects (21 omnivores and 21 vegans) participated in the study. Compared to the omnivores, the vegan subjects were characterized by lower parameters of lipid profile: total cholesterol (p < 0.001), low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol (p < 0.001), non-HDL-cholesterol (p < 0.001), apolipoprotein B (apoB) (p < 0.001) and phospholipids (p < 0.01). Concentration of HDL-cholesterol was apparently similar between groups. Furthermore, the parameters which characterize HDL particles (concentration of apolipoproteins AI [apoAI] and AII, HDL-phospholipids, LpAI fraction and pre-b1-HDL fraction) were not significantly different between omnivore and vegan subjects. The apoB/apoAI ratio in vegans was lower than in omnivores (p < 0.01). There was no difference between serum concentration of triacylglycerols between omnivores and vegans. The activity of paraoxonase-1 and 8-iso-prostaglandin F2a concentration were also not different between the study groups. Conclusions: We suggest that a vegan diet may have a beneficial effect on serum lipid profile and cardiovascular protection, but it is not associated with changes in HDL composition.
Medical university of Gdańsk, Poland authors' contribution wkład autorów: a. Study design/planning zaplanowanie badań B. Data collection/entry zebranie danych c. Data analysis/statistics dane -analiza i statystyki D. Data interpretation interpretacja danych E. Preparation of manuscript przygotowanie artykułu F. literature analysis/search wyszukiwanie i analiza literatury G. Funds collection zebranie funduszy
SummaryBackground. Running causes that people become more and more willing to engage in physical activity. It is an valid exercise that significantly decreases postprandial glycemia. the higher the training load, the more important it is to complement nutrients necessary for organism regeneration. Modern food industry provides many products that can help in resynthesis of muscle glycogen. the study presents a mutual correlation between consuming high-carbohydrate products with and without having exercise afterwards and the shape of the blood glucose curve. Material and methods. nine healthy and hard training male adult athletes participated in 2-part (P1 and P2) research: P1 with, and P2 without run. after the run, the athletes had a specified meal, after which capillary blood glucose test was taken for P1 before the run and for both groups 2-3 min, at 30, 60, 90 and 120 min after the meal. Results. the comparison of the area under the curve (auc) at rest and after 1 hr run showed statistically significant variations after every 30 minutes period and in the overall auc. the smallest auc occurred after consuming chips and spinach pasta and the highest after potatoes, white and brown rice. Conclusions. Physical activity does not change the way glucose is released into the blood, but it lowers postprandial glycemia, especially after 30-90 minutes after training completion. this study indicates that consuming potatoes and rice leads to the highest rate of muscle glucose uptake and further faster glycogen re-synthesis after the run. accordingly, these products can be a good choice for athletes having a short break between training bouts.
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