Background: Pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PXS) is age-related systemic microfibrillopathy caused by the gradual deposition of extracellular grey and white material over various tissues. PXS is frequently associated with secondary open-angle glaucoma. In pseudoexfoliation eyes, corneal endothelial changes have been reported. The present study analyzed corneal endothelial morphometry and central corneal thickness in PXS and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PXG). Objectives: To evaluate qualitative and quantitative changes of corneal endothelial cells and central corneal thickness in pseudoexfoliative (PEX) eyes with and without glaucoma and to compare with normal eyes and eyes with primary openangle glaucoma (POAG). Material and Methods: A total of 80 patients were included in this study: 20 eyes with PXS, 20 eyes with PXG, 20 eyes with POAG, and 20 normal eyes. Corneal endothelial cell density (ECD), coefficient of variation (CV) in cell size, percentage of hexagonal cells, and central corneal thickness were measured using a non-contact specular microscope. Results: ECD (p-value < 0.0001) and percentage of hexagonal cells (p-value < 0.0001) were lower in PEX groups and in the POAG (p-value < 0.0001 and < 0.0233, respectively) group compared with normal eyes, while the CV (p-value < 0.0001) in cell size was greater. There was a tendency for greater cell loss and morphological abnormalities of the corneal endothelial cells in PXG compared to PXS, when all PEX eyes were analyzed together. Changes in endothelial cells increased with age. There were significant thin cornea (p-value < 0.0002) in PXG and POAG (p-value < 0.0001) as compare to PXS and control group. Conclusion: Endothelial cell density is significantly decreased, and pleomorphism and polymegathism of cells are increased in PEX eyes, particularly when intraocular pressure is high. In PXG eyes, central cornea is thin as compared to PXS eyes.
INTRODUCTION- Many ophthalmologic diseases like poor vision, blindness, keratoconjunctivitis sicca, macular edema, cataract, vitreous hemorrhage, glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy are linked with diabetes. Various studies in the past have established that there is a strong association between diabetes and an increase in corneal thickness. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES- We aimed at conducting a study to compare the effect of Diabetic Mellitus on central corneal thickness in a casecontrol setting. The impact of disease duration and levels of HbA1c were also evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS-AProspective observational study was conducted with 50 diabetics (group A) and 50 non-diabetics (groups B). A detailed history taking, along with measurement of blood glucose levels, HbA1c, and a detailed ophthalmologic examination was done in all cases. The mean central corneal thickness was measured using specular pachymetry. RESULTS- The mean central corneal thickness (CCT) was higher in diabetics (Right eye- 544.45 ± 22.72 µm; 551.01 ± 23.11 µm) as compared to non-diabetics (right eye- 523.27 ± 15.23 µm, left eye 522.13 ± 14.44 µm) (p<0.05). The mean central corneal thickness was higher in those having diabetes for >10 years than those having diabetes <10 years. Additionally, the mean central corneal thickness was higher in those having HbA1c >6.5 than those having HbA1c <6.5 (p=0.0033). CONCLUSION- Our study found a signicant impact of diabetes, its duration, and its uncontrolled nature on the thickness of the cornea. Corneal thickness can be utilized as a sensitive parameter to assess the uncontrolled nature of diabetes
Background: Conjunctival autografting after Pterygium excision can be done by fibrin glue or sutures but use of foreign material can cause discomfort and infection. Fibrin glue may cause hypersensitivity reaction and also have risk of viral transmission. To avoid these conjuctival autograft can be applied without suture or glue. Patient’s own blood act as a bioadhesive.Methods: We done a prospective randomized control study of 70 patients, 35 patients allocated in each group. Group A had conjunctival autograft with fibrin glue while group B had conjunctival autografting without glue or sutures.Results: In group A 31 and group B 26 patients had well placed conjunctival autograft while 4 in group A and 9 patients in group B had either displaced or dislodged graft. The results were statistically insignificant with P value of 0.219 and No complication was reported in any patient except recurrence. The 5 patients in group A and 6 in group B had recurrence which is not statistically significant.Conclusions: Graft stability is more with fibrin glue as compare to glueless and sutureless conjunctival autografting but using patients own blood as bioadhesive is safer and cost effective. The rate of recurrence is similar in both the groups.
Congenital cataract has various modes of inheritance. In Nance Horan syndrome, X linked recessive pattern of inheritance of congenital cataract is seen. Protein truncation mutation in an NHS gene located on Xp21.2-p22.3. could be associated with this syndrome. We report a case of Nance Horan syndrome family with bilateral congenital cataract with microcornea, strabismus, nystagmus, mental retardation, dysmorphic facies and dental anomalies. Treatment consists of surgery for cataract extraction, although results are poor.
Background: Rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis has reached epidemic proportion during second wave of COVID-19 pandemic in India. In this study we aimed to understand the demographics, presentation, temporal sequence, risk factors and outcomes to undertake measures for prevention and treatment and benefit of administering liposomal amphotericin via retrobulbar injection in addition to systemic antifungals in the setting of rhino-orbital-mucormycosis.Methods: Study of patients with COVID-19-associated mucormycosis managed or co-managed by ophthalmologists in our centre from April 2021 to June 2021.Results: Male predominance and more than 75% associated with COVID-19 infection. Common risk factors associated were DM and corticosteroids use. Unilateral involvement was common (82.4%). Most common primary symptom and sign of ROCM is orbital/facial pain (68.4%) and ptosis (84.2 %) respectively. retro bulbar amphotericin B injections had slight improvement in vision (25%), ptosis (37.5%) and extra ocular movement (25%) with few complications. Surgical management were PNS debridement (42.1%), exenteration added in 17.5 % and with above procedure additional maxillectomy needed in 14%. 22.8 % cases were succumbed by disease while 40.1 % of live patients needed orbital exenteration.Conclusions: ROCM has visible signs and symptoms, help us in early diagnosis as compared to mucormycosis at other anatomical sites and should be known to all ophthalmologists. Early diagnosis by involving root level health worker and creation of standard treatment guideline on emerging heath problem is an urgent need.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.