Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disease associated with delayed wound healing of oral ulcers by increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines and cellular apoptosis. Objective to evaluate the influence of Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-α) and apoptosis in rats with DM treated with chamomile extract or triamcinolone.Material and Methods Wistar male rats (210.0±4.2 g) were divided into five groups: negative control group (NCG) without diabetes; positive control group (PCG) with DM (alloxan, 45 mg/kg); and groups treated with chamomile extract (normoglycemic= NCG group and diabetic= DCG group) and with triamcinolone (TG). Traumatic ulcers were performed on all animals that received topical triamcinolone, chamomile extract or saline 12/12 hours for ten days.Results On days five and ten the animals were euthanized and the ulcers were analyzed by light microscopy, TUNEL assay, and immunohistochemically (TNF-α). The NCG (p=0.0062), PCG (p=0.0285), NCG (p=0.0041), and DCG (p<0.0001) groups were completely healed on the 10th day, however, there was no healing on the TG (p=0.5127) group. The TNF-α expression showed a significant reduction from the 5th to the 10th day in NCG (p=0.0266) and DCG (p=0.0062). In connective tissue, the TUNEL assay showed a significant reduction in the number of positive cells in NCG (p=0.0273) and CNG (p=0.0469) and in the epithelium only in CDG (p=0.0320).Conclusions Chamomile extract can optimize the healing of traumatic oral ulcers in diabetic rats through the reduction of apoptosis in the epithelium and TNF-α expression.
Dental disorders, such as caries, periodontal and endodontic diseases are major public health issues worldwide. In common, they are biofilm-dependent oral diseases, and the specific conditions of oral cavity may develop infectious foci that could affect other physiological systems. Efforts have been made to develop new treatment routes for the treatment of oral diseases, and therefore, for the prevention of some systemic illnesses. New drugs and materials have been challenged to prevent and treat these conditions, especially by means of bacteria elimination. "Recent progresses in understanding the etiology, epidemiology and microbiology of the microbial flora in those circumstances have given insight and motivated the innovation on new therapeutic approaches for the management of the oral diseases progression". Some of the greatest advances in the medical field have been based in nanosized systems, ranging from the drug release with designed nanoparticles to tissue scaffolds based on nanotechnology. These systems offer new possibilities for specific and efficient therapies, been assayed successfully in preventive/curative therapies to the oral cavity, opening new challenges and opportunities to overcome common diseases based on bacterial biofilm development. The aim of this review is to summarize the recent nanotechnological developments in the drug delivery field related to the prevention and treatment of the major biofilm-dependent oral diseases and to identify those systems, which may have higher potential for clinical use.
Objetivo: Avaliou-se o efeito de agentes desinfetantes na estabilidade dimensional de materiais de moldagem. Métodos: Por meio de um troquel mestre metálico e uma moldeira compatível foram realizadas 90 moldagens no total, confeccionadas com alginato [AG] (n=45) e silicona de adição [SA] (n=45). Após lavagem em água corrente e secagem os moldes foram subdivididos em três grupos (n=15) de acordo com os métodos de desinfecção, água destilada [AD], controle, clorexidina [CLX] e hipoclorito de sódio [HS]. Realizou-se a lavagem dos moldes em água corrente e os mesmos foram submetidos a jatos de ar. Após desinfecção dos moldes os espécimes pertencentes a CLX e HS foram lavados em água corrente e receberam jatos de ar. Os corpos de prova tiveram seus diâmetros mensurados por meio de um paquímetro digital em dois momentos distintos. Realizou-se o teste ANOVA – one way, Tukey e teste t (P<0,05). Resultados: Os espécimes demonstraram alteração significativa após cinco dias de armazenamento, sendo que AD e grupo hipoclorito de sódio não obtiveram alterações. Conclusão: O método mais indicado para desinfecção do AG foi a CLX, que em contrapartida mostra-se prejudicial ao SA, sendo indicado o HS.
Objetivo: Comparar manejos cirúrgicos e resultados funcionais e estéticos entre as técnicas de recobrimento radicular de Enxerto Subepitelial de Tecido Conjuntivo (ESTC) e Enxerto Gengival Livre (EGL) através de relatos de casos clínicos. Detalhamento do caso: Duas pacientes com idades de 21 anos e finalizando tratamento ortodôntico compareceram ao Complexo Odontológico São João Calábria da UNICATÓLICA, com recessão gengival (RG). Após os exames periodontais e sistêmicos, observou-se RG no dente 41. As pacientes receberam informações necessárias e assinaram o Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido. Para o EGL e o ESTC, respectivamente, o preparo do leito receptor consistiu em incisão horizontal na linha mucogengival com desepitelização, e retalho em envelope após incisão intrasulcular com descolamento parcial de retalho. No palato duro, o qual consistiu no leito doador, obteve-se tecido epitelial e conjuntivo ou apenas conjuntivo, que foi acomodado ao leito receptor e fixado por suturas. Após 2 meses, notou-se quantidade maior de tecido queratinizado e divergência de cor referente ao enxerto no EGL. O recobrimento radicular completo ocorreu apenas para o ESTC, que incluiu uma sutura suspensória. Conclusão: O EGL e o ESTC apresentam resultados clínicos superiores entre si quanto aos aspectos funcionais e estéticos, respectivamente, em RGs.
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