Introducción. El bien y la conciencia moralKant constituye un referente continuo en la obra de Hegel. Para él Kant, junto con Fichte, al que cita menos pero quizás sigue más, es el punto culminante de la fdosofía moderna. Enfrentarse con él (o ellos) significa, por tanto, mostrar las insuficiencias de los planteamientos filosóficos de la modernidad en sus mismos fiíndamentos y la subsiguiente novedad de su propia propuesta, que sería capaz de aunar lo comunitario y lo individual, lo griego y lo moderno. De éste valora el desarrollo de la subjetividad libre como individuo autónomo, y critica fiíndamentalmente que, según él, se haya quedado en el limite y la escisión propia del pensamiento abstracto, aquél que no es capaz de superar todo tipo de ' Con el «(II)» quiero indicar que este trabajo continúa las reflexiones de otro anterior, titiJado asimismo «La moralidad. Hegel versus Kant (I)», publicado en La controversia de Hegel con Kant, eds. Mariano Álvarez Gómez y M» del Carmen Paredes Martín, Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca, 2004, págs. 161-178. Pero, aunque ambos se complementan, pueden leerse separadamente.
This article explains in ten points the concepts of substance, change and matter that appear in the transcendental Analytics of Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason as categories and schemes, as well as how they function in the Analogies of Experience. It aims to demonstrate how the category in general, and that of substance in particular, are, in their transcendental ideality, a strategy of the subject to order and objectify the phenomenal world. It establishes that change is also necessary a priori, that both change (accident) and persistence (substance), as well as all appearances, are finite and limited. This would lead to the affirmation that only matter, transcendental matter, is entirely persistent; however, transcendental matter is not a sensible object and therefore those sensible objects that relatively persist in time-space are the only empirical reality of the substance. Finally, matter is made up of forces, and given that there is nothing simple in matter, it can be inferred that empirical substance is nothing other than a field of forces.
Recebido / Received: 14.6.2019.Aprovado / Approved: 1.8.2019.
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