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Environmental issues, the growing demand for energy, political concerns, increasing crude oil prices and the medium-term depletion of petroleum created the need for the development of vegetable oils as alternative fuels. Vegetable oil-based fuels (bio fuels) are promising alternative fuels for diesel engines because of their environmental and strategic advantages. To design equipment for biofuel production and an optimizing process for biodiesel production, their thermophysical properties must be known. In this work, the Jatropha curcas biodiesel was prepared, and thermophysical properties, densities (ρ12), and speed of sound (u 12) for J. curcas biodiesel (1) + diesel fuel no. 2 (2) binary mixtures were measured as functions of composition at temperatures ranging from T = (288.15 to 308.15) K and atmospheric pressure. The observed data have been utilized to evaluate the excess molar volume, V 12 E, of this binary mixture. This binary mixture (blend) exhibits a temperature-dependent behavior, and densities decrease linearly with temperature.

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The excess heat capacities, C P E of 1-methylpyrrolidin-2-one (1) + o-, m-, or p-chlorotoluene (2) and pyrrolidin-2-one (1) + o-, m-, or p-chlorotoluene (2) binary mixtures have been measured as a function of composition at (293.15, 298.15, and 303.15) K using microdifferential scanning calorimetry. The C P E data have been fitted to Redlich−Kister equation to calculate binary adjustable parameters and standard deviations. The measured properties of the studied mixtures have been analyzed in terms of Graph theory (which deals with the topology of the constituent of mixtures). It has been observed that Graph theory describes well the C P E data of the investigated binary mixtures.

Molar excess volumes, V E ijk , and speeds of sound, U ijk , of {2-methylaniline (i) + benzene (j) + methylbenzene (k)}, {2-methylaniline (i) + benzene (j) + 1,2-dimethylbenzene (k)}, and {2-methylaniline (i) + benzene (j) + 1,4-dimethylbenzene (k)} have been measured as a function of composition at a temperature of 308.15 K. The observed speeds of sound data have been utilized to determine excess isentropic compressibilities, κ S ijk E of ternaries (i + j + k).