BATETLL & STERN [1910] studied the oxidation of ethyl alcohol using "brei" of different organs and animals. An oxidation to acetaldehyde and acetic acid was observed, the most active organ being horse liver. Horse kidney also showed some activity. The enzymes responsible for this two-step oxidation are: for the first step (alcoholaldehyde) an alcohol dehydrogenase, and for the second (aldehyde-+ acid) either the Schardinger enzyme or a mutase. Alcohol dehydrogenase of animal origin has been studied by Reichel & Kohle [1935] but much more is known about that of yeast which has even been obtained in crystalline form [Negelein & Wulff, 1937]. It requires coenzyme I (diphosphopyridine-nucleotide) and can therefore use the yellow enzyme as a carrier. The mutase [Parnas, 1910] which might catalyse the second step is, accordingto Dixon & Lutwak-Mann [1937],different from the Schardinger enzyme and also needs coenzyme I. Many experiments have been done on the whole animal [see Le Breton, 1936] and also by liver perfusion [Lundsgaard, 1937], but the tissue slice technique has not been much used in this problem. the experimental period a loss of 3-5 % alcohol occurred, but duplicates (thermobarometers) agreed within 3 %.-Large-scale experiments. Flasks similar to those described by Krebs [1933] were filled with 22 ml. of bicarbonate-Ringer and 02+5% CO2 (pH 7.4). The initial composition of the medium was ascertained by withdrawing 10 ml. of the liquid after the gassing. The flasks were then not opened until the end of the experiment. In some cases oxygen uptake was measured in phosphate-Ringer in a parallel experiment.
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