Endocrine manifestations of diphenylhydantoin therapy

Gharib, Hossein; Muñoz, J. M.

doi:10.1016/0026-0495(74)90079-1

Cited by 28 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Epileptics with osteomalacia have a low urine-calcium value, a high level of alkaline phosphates, and, in 10-20 per cent of cases, a lolw serumcalcium value. The low serum-calcium rate can in turn possibly cause cramp attacks and antiepileptic therapy can mask this effect (Gharib & Munoz 1974).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of Fracture in Epileptics

Lidgren

Walløe

1977

Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of Fracture in Epileptics

Lidgren

Walløe

1977

Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica

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“…Chronic administration of phenytoin also have been associated with anticonvulsant leads to increased hepatic microsomal enzyme therapy, in particular phenytoin (Gharib & induction and this results in an increased rate of Munoz, 1974). In 1958 Kivalo et al demonstrated cortisol clearance .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anticonvulsant therapy and cortisol elimination.

Evans¹,

Walker²,

Peters³

et al. 1985

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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The effect of anticonvulsant therapy on early morning concentration of cortisol in saliva and plasma was assessed in a group of epileptic patients receiving regular phenytoin medication and the results compared with those obtained from a group of normal subjects not receiving drug therapy. Values of cortisol in matched samples of plasma (331 +/‐ 23 nmol l‐1, mean +/‐ s.e. mean, n = 6) and saliva (11.4 +/‐ 0.9 nmol l‐1, mean +/‐ s.e. mean, n = 9) provided by epileptics did not differ significantly from those in the plasma (334 +/‐ 41 nmol l‐1, mean +/‐ s.e. mean) and saliva (12.0 +/‐ 2.0 nmol‐1, mean +/‐ s.e. mean) of healthy volunteers (n = 12). Six anticonvulsant‐treated epileptics, together with six age and sex matched normal volunteers, each received intravenous dexamethasone (1 mg h‐1) to determine the half‐life of cortisol in plasma and saliva. In the anticonvulsant‐ treated group, the half‐life of cortisol in plasma (73 +/‐ 5 min, mean +/‐ s.e. mean) and saliva (83 +/‐ 5 min, mean +/‐ s.e. mean) was reduced significantly (P less than 0.01 plasma, P less than 0.05 saliva) from that observed in healthy volunteers. In patients, the half life of cortisol and antipyrine showed a significant correlation (r2 = 0.75, P less than 0.05 plasma, r2 = 0.71, P less than 0.05 saliva). The antipyrine half‐life in saliva was reduced significantly (P less than 0.02) and the antipyrine clearance rate, increased significantly (P less than 0.005) in the treated epileptic group, reflecting drug‐ induced microsomal enzyme production.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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“…

La diphénylhydantoïne (DPH), anticonvulsivant classique utilisé en clinique, est connue pour agir secondairement sur le métabolisme de certaines vitamines et sur différents mécanismes endocriniens, par l'inhibition possible de la libération d'hormones telles que l'ADH, l'insuline, l'ACTH ou la calcitonine (Gharib et Munoz, 1974 ;Pento et al, 1973)

…”

unclassified

“…La diphénylhydantoïne (DPH), anticonvulsivant classique utilisé en clinique, est connue pour agir secondairement sur le métabolisme de certaines vitamines et sur différents mécanismes endocriniens, par l'inhibition possible de la libération d'hormones telles que l'ADH, l'insuline, l'ACTH ou la calcitonine (Gharib et Munoz, 1974 ;Pento et al, 1973) (Dubick et Keen, 1985). Au niveau testiculaire, le taux d'acide ascorbique étant normalement relié à l'action de la LH, les augmentations de concentration observées pourraient traduire les répercussions d'une atteinte possible de l'axe hypothalamo-hypophysaire par cet antiépileptique (Gharib et Munoz, 1974).…”

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