The aim of the paper was to evaluate the efficiency of winter rape growing which is based on the calculations and an analysis of production and economic indicators in the given branch. The development analysis of yields per hectare, costs, revenues and production profitability was carried out over the years [2003][2004][2005][2006][2007][2008][2009] in the Agro Žlunice and it was compared with the results of the czech republic as a whole. in the enterprise, it deals with the traditional growing technology with a higher intensity of the intensification factors inputs in growing. Yields per hectare in the farm reached very favourable values which supported the stable position of the enterprise in the market with this agricultural commodity. it is possible to see a competitive advantage in the level of the per hectare yields. An average yield in the joint-stock company from 2003 to 2009 was 4.34 t/ha and an average yield in the cr over the last seven years was 2.9 t/ha. The enterprise's yield is by 1.44 t per ha higher compared to the average yields in the cr. in comparison of the average costs per hectare over the evaluated period in the enterprise and in the cr -in the enterprise, the costs were by 2.71% higher comapred to the cr (the enterprise 21 991 czK/ha, the cr 21 394 czK/ha). however, the enterprise Agro Žlunice, a.s. reached in comparison of the cost per 1 tonne of production by 31.31% lower costs than is the cr average. The amount of expenses incurred was compensated by high yields per hectare which the enterprise reached and thereby it improved the profitability of growing of this crop-plant. The highest share in the total costs belonged to direct material costs. The share of material costs in the enterprise over 7 years was 55.28%. Among the direct material costs, there are mainly seeds, fertilizers and chemical prophylactics. From the indicators of production profitability, there are expressed the profit achieved per 1 t of seedsfrom 1 ha of the area under crop and cost profitability. The profitability indicators considerably fluctuate during the evaluated years in the monitored enterprise and in the cr in dependence on the fluctuation of the seed price.
The main objective is to verify whether it is possible to confirm differences in price policy not only in the division of chains according to the format of the shops but also in relation to Czech and foreign food and whether these findings can be clearly identified. The partial objective is to find the difference between Czech and foreign products in the context of chain approach according to other criteria such as price differences among products and among chains. There are eleven chains evaluated in the tables as well as 29 relevant food groups. The used underlying data is based on the data processed from the primary data obtained by the data collection in the retail chains. The average number of observations of one item, which is about 43 observations, of which 37 observations of Czech products and about 29 products with price. Only Lidl has a higher number of price observations from the total number of observations of foreign products. In the area of price policy evaluation (whether it is possible to confirm the differences not only in the division of the chains according to the format of the stores, but also in relation to Czech and foreign foods and identify clearly these findings), the difference is considered mainly according to the "low price" of food and it can be said that there are noticeable differences among the chains, which also confirm different approach to Czech and foreign food and differences according to the format of chain stores. This paper originated in the context of the exploratory study "Prices of selected Czech and foreign food products in retail chains in November 2016". The study was created for the needs of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Czech Republic.
changes in the land law, which occurred after 1948, still influence the whle czech countryside to this day. Typical features of czech agriculture, i.e. the fragmentation of ownership of the agricultural land fund and the high share of leased agricultural land, which is a direct consequence of the socialistic large-scale production, continue even despite extensive legal changes after 1989. The changes in the czech land law after 1989 brought about not only the legal guarantees for owners but also new problems, which are still necessary to solve. An important tool of the solution of the present czech agriculture problems is represented by land adjustments. The membership of the czech republic in the European Union on one hand led to the simplification of land acquisition for some foreigners, however; on the other hand it has not influenced in principle the structure of landowners. Still in 2008, the questions of the atonement of property injustices are finished yet regarding the churches concerning agricultural and forest land. A new civil code, currently in process, which can influence some legal relations to the land, has not been put forward to the Parliament yet.Key words: enactment, land, ownership, land adjustments, lease Abstrakt: změny v pozemkovém právu, ke kterým došlo po roce 1948, ovlivňují český venkov dodnes. Typické znaky českého zemědělství, tj. rozdrobení vlastnictví zemědělského půdního fondu a vysoký podíl pronajaté zemědělské půdy, který je bezprostředním důsledkem socialistické velkovýroby, zůstavají i navzdory velkým právním změnám po roce 1989. změny v českém pozemkovém právu po roce 1989 přinesly nejen právní záruky pro vlastníky, ale také nové problémy, které je stále ještě nutné řešit. Významný nástroj při řešení současných problémů českého zemědělství představují pozemkové úpravy. Členství České republiky v Evropské unii sice vedlo ke zjednodušení nabývání půdy pro některé cizince, ale zatím zásadně neovlivnilo strukturu pozemkových vlastníků. Ani v roce 2008 ještě nejsou ukončeny otázky nápravy majetkových křivd ve vztahu k církvím, týkající se zemědělské a lesní půdy. nový občanskoprávní kodex, který je vypracován a může ovlivnit některé právní vztahy k půdě, zatím nebyl předložen do parlamentu.Klíčová slova: právní předpis, půda, vlastnictví, pozemkové úpravy, pronájem Supported by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the czech republic (Project no. MSM 6046070906).
Agricultural companies play a key role in enriching the cultural and social life of the rural areas in which they function. Therefore, these companies serve towards preserving a quality of life necessary for rural communities to survive and to develop rural areas. However, the financial, human resource and material expenditures necessary to sustain rural communities are difficult to quantify. These studies, on the basis of internationally focused case studies, attempt to measure, systemize and evaluate the charitable engagement of farmers.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.