Eleven flocks of three Spanish sheep breeds have been studied: four Churra, four Lacha and three Manchega. Genetic variations between flocks of the same and different breeds have been analysed, using eight genetic blood systems and a wide range of statistical methods. The results show that the Churra, Lacha and Manchega breeds present significant differences between each other. Significant intraracial variations have been observed in Churras and Lachas, although they were almost non-existent in Manchegas. In some cases the genetic distances between flocks of the same breed were greater than the distances between flocks of different breeds. The data indicate that the closest breeds genetically are Lacha and Manchega.
The allele frequencies of haemoglobin, esterase, albumin and transferrin in European ovine populations were analysed by directional autocorrelation. The correlograms of the haemoglobin B and transferrin D show that these alleles have north/northeast-south/southwest and northeast-southwest clines in Europe, respectively. The clines observed may be the result of selection or ovine population expansion since domestication.
ZusammenfassungDie Struktur europä ischer Schafpopulationen ermittelt durch direktionale Autokorrelation zwischen Proteinen Die Allelfrequenzen von Hämoglobin, Esterase, Albumin und Transferrin in europäischen Schafpopulationen wurden mit Hilfe von direktionaler Autokorrelation analysiert. Die Korrelogramme von Hämoglobin B und Transferrin D zeigen, dass diese Allele ein Nord/Nordost-Sü d/Sü dwest-bzw. ein Nordost-Sü dwest-Gefälle aufweisen. Die gefundenen Gefälle kö nnten das Ergebnis von Selektion oder von Ausdehnung der Schafpopulationen seit der Domestikation sein.
The spatial distribution of six blood-protein polymorphisms in European and south-west Asian ovine breeds was analysed. Latitudinal clines were found for haemoglobin and transferrin loci. The respective F(ST) values are not significantly greater than those for protein-X, esterase, carbonic anhydrase, and albumin, where gene frequencies are not associated with latitude. The results suggest that historical processes of gene flow, rather than adaptation to different environments, have played a major role in determining the observed lives of gene frequencies. RESUMEN: Asociación entre polimorfismos proteicos ovinos y variables geográficas en Europa y sudoeste de Asia Se ha analizado la distribución espacial de seis polimorfismos proteicos sanguíneos en razas ovinas de Europa y del sudoeste de Asia. La hemoglobina y la transferrina muestran clinas latitudinales. Los valores de F(ST) para estos dos loci no son significativamente más grandes que los de la proteína-X, esterasa, anhidrasa carbónica y albúmina, cuyas frecuencias génicas no están asociadas con la latitud. Los resultados sugieren que la distribución de las frecuencias génicas de la hemoglobina y la transferrina se debe a procesos históricos de flujo génico y deriva genética.
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