The purpose of this study was to investigate the sensitivity and specificity of a standardized placebo protocol using a moist swab pad application in children and adolescents with psychogenic seizures vs epileptic seizures. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed clinical data and video-EEG monitoring records with the standardized placebo protocol of 408 patients. Video -EEG diagnosis with PNES-consistent semiology was made in the context of clinical data by a two-certified epileptologist. Results of induction of psychogenic seizure by moist swab pad application were analyzed in 158 patients with PNES. A control group was composed of 74 patients with epilepsy in which induction was performed. Results: Sensitivity of placebo test for the diagnosis of PNES was 81.1%, specificity 79.8%, positive predictive value 89.6% and negative predictive value 66.3%. Conclusion:The placebo technique with a moist swab can be regarded as helpful in triggering a psychogenic episode in children and adolescents.
SUMMARYThe problems of children and adolescents with epilepsy pose an important challenge for educational systems around the world. Epilepsy is the most common chronic neurological disease, which occurs in up to 1% of children and adolescents. The largest incidence of onset is from early childhood to adolescence, therefore, mostly the emotional, cognitive and social problems experienced by patients coincide with the school period. It is commonly believed, as indicated by research, that some of the children and adolescents with epilepsy experience learning difficulties and school problems. This article presents the educational problems of a group of patients in Poland with epilepsy and the co-occurring specific difficulties in the acquisition of scholastic skills like dyslexia, spelling disorder or dyscalculia. The work is a review with an analysis of a case study.
Recently, extensive studies investigating executive functions in children with specific language impairment (SLI) have been performed. In the present study, we compared the level of executive functions (i.e., inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility) and literacy skills between 53 healthy children and 53 children with SLIs between the ages of 3 and 11 years. The groups were matched by age, gender and parental education level. Executive functions were assessed using the Children Card Sort, and the Literacy Assessment Battery was applied to measure literacy skills. The patients with SLI displayed a significantly lower level of cognitive flexibility than that of the healthy children. No significant differences were observed between the groups in inhibitory control and the majority of literacy skills. The results confirm the hypothesis that patients with SLI experience difficulties in cognitive flexibility.
Introduction: Professional work is an extremely important aspect of the life of an adult. Probably we all want to be satisfied with this, and not just financially. It can be a source of positive experiences, but also a huge negative burden. It often generates and provides us with many adverse reactions, strains or stresses. The aim of the study was to determine the current status of psychological support to Medical Rescue Teams, and the opinions of medical rescuers on the need for psychological help in their work.Materials and methods: A questionnaire was addressed to medical rescuers across the country; 115 respondents participated in the study. It was conducted in April 2016. A statistical analysis of results was performed using the statistical package PQStat ver. 1.6. Analyses of dependences were carried out with χ2 tests. Significance was considered at p < 0.05, and highly significant was taken at p < 0.01.Results: Almost 90% of respondents had never taken part in a psychological workshop. About 80% of medical rescuers had never participated in training courses on the techniques of relieving tension. In the workplaces of 98 (85.2%) of the medical rescuers, there had never been any group meetings held in which stress was relieved via conversation. Sometimes such meetings were held in the workplaces of 17 (14.8%) of the medical rescuers. More than the half of respondents, 72 (62.6%) people, believe that such meetings are definitely needed and could be effective.Conclusions: 1. The current level of psychological support for Medical Rescue Teams is negligible. Only in a few workplaces it is offered to the medical rescuers. The majority of the study group were not provided access to a psychologist. 2. Medical rescuers believe that the profession requires working with a psychologist, and this cooperation should be ensured by the employer. 3. In 85.2% of cases there were no conversational meetings after difficult actions, with analysis and relieving of emotional tensions. If such meetings were held, almost 90% of respondents would participate. 4. The current ways of reducing stress for medical rescuers are not always safe for their health and can lead to addictions. A possible cause is non-attendance by the majority in workshops on the techniques of relieving tension and psychological training.
<b>Introduction</b>: The present study investigated the comorbidity of psychiatric symptoms among patients with neurological diseases and the possibility of the symptoms of mental disorders being masking by the symptoms of somatic disorders. <br /> <b>Material and methods</b>: Eight thousand two hundred and one epicrises of all patients hospitalized at the Department of Developmental Neurology from 1st January 2003 to 31st December 2013 were analyzed in order to select a group of patients referred for consultation with a child psychiatrist. The epicrises were analyzed in terms of diagnosis and the most common psychopathological symptoms on the basis of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised, Beck Depression Inventory, and the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Aged Children – Present and Lifetime (K-SADS-PL).<br /> <b>Results</b>: As a result of the analysis a group of 345 patients with serious symptoms requiring psychiatric consultation was selected. In the selected group, patients had the diagnosis of neurological as well as psychiatric diseases. The most frequently mentioned were: epilepsy (13.3%), emotional disorders (11.3%), tension-type headaches (11.3%) and conversion disorders (8.4%). Dominating psychopathological symptoms were: anxiety (64%), symptoms of mood disorders (31.6%) and signs of inattention (19.7%). Suicidal ideation was manifested by 21 (6.08%) persons. <br /> <b>Conclusions</b>: There is a need for careful observation of the mental state of each patient of a pediatric neurology department by an interdisciplinary team of doctors, psychologists and support staff.
The present work addresses the identification and qualitative assessment of errors that appear in a free-drawn clock-drawing test representing the time 8:20 in a sample of 455 children and adolescents with neurological diseases and their controls. The authors sought to verify whether the occurrence of particular errors in the clock drawings significantly differentiates the clinical groups. For statistical evaluation of the results, we applied correspondence analysis and cluster analysis. The results of the study showed that three types of errors played an important role in the differentiation of the groups: spatial neglect, mirror reflection, and phonological depletion.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.