Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were discovered in the last century by Friedenstein. He observed that bone marrow contains cells that form fibroblast-like colonies in vitro. 1 Further studies revealed that MSCs are able to differentiate into different cell lineages namely osteo, chondro and adipo. They can be characterized by the expression of several markers like CD73, CD90 and CD105 and the lack of hematopoietic markers including CD45 and CD34. 2 Wharton Jelly MSCs, derived from human umbilical cord, represent promising source of stem cells able to differentiate into such cells types as astrocytes, adipocytes, myocytes, cardiomyocytes and neurons. 2,3 Recently, MSCs attracted considerable attention in the biomedical field as they have been shown to ameliorate symptoms in a number of diseases including neurological and cardiovascular ones. 4,5 Most studies suggest that MSCs secrete numbers of factors
Hybrid polyacrylate-silicate hydrogels were obtained in the presence of N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide (NNMBA) as the cross-linking monomer and sodium thiosulphate/potassium persulphate (NTS/KPS) as the redox initiators. The results of the tests allowed us to conclude that a hybrid structure with a polyacrylate scaffolding and a silicate matrix had been obtained. The results of the rheological analysis revealed that the hydrogel sample with a 1:7 mass ratio of sodium water glass to the sodium polyacrylate is characterized by the highest complex viscosity. Thermal analysis (Thermogravimetry/Differential Scanning Calorimetry (TG/DSC)) showed that water begins to evaporate at higher temperatures, from 120 °C to even 180 °C. These results were confirmed by mid-infrared spectroscopy (MIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) analysis. Differences in the intensity of the peaks derived from water in the MIR spectra indicate that most of the water is bounded. In turn, NMR results showed that the mobility of water molecules decreases as the amount of sodium water glass in the mixture increases.
Introduction: Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a powerful method for the non-invasive study of a wide range of objects. Among its many characteristics, molecular diffusion can be examined without the need for any chemical or isotopic tracers by applying magnetic field gradients within the NMR sequence.Aim: In our study, model cell suspensions were characterized by means of low-field (LF) (0.05 T) 1H NMR relaxometry. The proposed multi-parametric characterization based on independent 2D T1-T2 and D-T2 measurements was implemented to obtain a set of MR parameters as a specific signature for model cells.Material and methods: The D-T2 and T1-T2 correlation measurements were conducted on yeast samples with different amounts of added water. Signals from intracellular and extracellular water compartments and free water were identified on D-T2 maps and their diffusion coefficients were extracted.Results: Mean D_IC was equal to 8.4 × 10 -11 m 2 /s and mean D_EC ranged from 1.0 × 10 -9 m 2 /s to 1.65 × 10 -9 m 2 /s. T1/T2 ratio was calculated and for IC space values in the range of 4.2-5.3 were observed. Finally, we demonstrated the possibility of detecting signals from cells for the samples with a low concentration of cell suspensions or a small amount of the sample.Conclusions: These findings are promising for more complex cell investigations in vitro and in vivo, without any contrast agents, applying solely biomarkers.
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