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Phthalocyanine compounds substituted with steric hindrance groups have been synthesized: octakis(2-ethyl-hexy1)phthalocyanine (1 b) and bis[octakis(4-octadecyloxyphenyl)phthalocyaninato]lutetium(111) complex (2d). These compounds exhibit a wide temperature range of discotic liquid-crystalline properties. Each of these compounds shows a discotic tetragonal disordered columnar mesophase (Dtet.d) or a discotic plain rectangular disordered columnar mesophase [Drd(P2rn)] with a lattice very close to tetragonal. This Drd(P2rn) phase is a novel discotic mesophase that has not been reported to date. It was found that the introduction of the steric hindrance groups, 2-ethylhexyl (b) and 4-octadecyloxyphenyl (d), tend to induce the appearance of the Dtet.d phase.

If by rare chance SARS-CoV contaminates source plasma, there should be no or only minor risk of this virus infection, due to sufficient inactivation by the 60 degrees C 10 h liquid heating step, although we must pay attention to the composition used for blood product preparation.

Novel bis(phthalocyaninato)lutetium(iii) complexes substituted with long n-alkyl chains have been synthesized. These complexes, la-c, show three kinds of discotic mesophase (D,,, Doh.,, and DJ. Also la-c display the three primary colours (red, green, blue) of electrochromism in their solutions. The solutions of oxidized species of la-c are nearly red, although those of conventional bis( phthalocyaninato)lutetium(iii) complexes are orange.~ Hexadeca-n-alkyl-substituted complexes of bis( phthalocyaninato)lutetium(rrr) (la-c) have been synthesized. These com-Paper 3,422306;

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Background and ObjectiveTo investigate the physico-chemical properties of hepatitis E virus (HEV) with regard to inactivation/removal, we have studied four isolates with respect to sensitivity to heat during liquid/dry-heating as well as removal by nanofiltration. Materials and MethodsHepatitis E virus in an albumin solution or phosphatebuffered saline (PBS) was liquid-heated at 60 ° C for a preset time. HEV in a freezedried fibrinogen containing stabilizers was also dry-heated at 60 or 80 ° C for a preset time. In addition, to clarify the removal of HEV, the purified virus in PBS was filtered using several types of virus-removal filter (nanofilters) that have different pore sizes. HEV infectivity or genome equivalents before and after the treatments were assayed by a semiquantitative cell-based infectivity assay or quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay, respectively.Results Hepatitis E virus isolates in albumin solutions were inactivated slowly at 60 ° C for 5 h and the resultant log reduction factor (LRF) was from 1·0 to ≥ 2·2, whereas the virus in PBS was inactivated quickly to below the detection limit and the LRF was ≥ 2·4 to ≥ 3·7. The virus in a freeze dried fibrinogen containing trisodium citrate dihydrate and L -arginine hydrochloride as stabilizers was inactivated slowly and the LRF was 2·0 and 3·0, respectively, of the 72 h at 60 ° C, but inactivated to below the detection limit within 24 h at 80 ° C with an LRF of ≥ 4·0. The virus in PBS was also confirmed as to be approximately 35 nm in diameter by nanofiltration. These results are useful for evaluating viral safety against HEV contamination in blood products. ConclusionThe sensitivity of HEV to heat was shown to vary greatly depending on the heating conditions. On the other hand, the HEV particles were completely removed using 20-nm nanofilters. However, each inactivation/removal step should be carefully evaluated with respect to the HEV inactivation/removal capacity, which may be influenced by processing conditions such as the stabilizers used for blood products.

The critical molecular structure change from columnar to lamellar mesophases in bis(diphenylglyoximato)nickel()-based complexes has been investigated. When the number of the long chains surrounding the core complex part was reduced from eight to four, the mesophase changes its structure from columnar Col hd to novel disk-like lamellar D L.rec). When the length of the four chains at the p-positions was fixed and the remaining four chains at m-positions were gradually made shorter, each of the complexes shows a columnar Col ho mesophase. Surprisingly, even when the substituents at m-positions are methoxy or methyl groups, a columnar Col ho mesophase is still observed. When the substituents at m-positions were OH groups, another novel disklike lamellar D L.rec (P2 1 1) mesophase is observed. Hence, it can be shown that the critical molecular structure change from the columnar to lamellar mesophase occurs between methoxy and hydroxy groups at the m-position. In both of the two novel D L.rec mesophases in the present study, the core complex parts are parallel to the layers and the long chains are normal to both the layers and the core complex planes. Such a unique mesophase structure has not been previously observed. The synthesis of these complexes and the temperature-dependent X-ray structural analyses of the unique mesophases are reported. substituted tetraphenylporphyrins6 and tetrakis