A adesão bacteriana aos biomateriais é processo de alta complexidade que demanda importante preocupação médica dada a sua evidente influência sobre a morbimortalidade dos pacientes que fazem uso de próteses, além dos vultosos gastos que o envolvem. Nesta revisão com base na literatura médica são apresentados os principais microrganismos envolvidos na adesão aos biomateriais, discutindo a patogênese desse processo, sendo abordada cada uma de suas etapas, inclusive a formação do biofilme, que é etapa ímpar para o estabelecimento da infecção. São indicados, também, os principais fatores que influenciam o mecanismo de adesão, incluindo as características bacterianas e dos materiais, assim como as propriedades do meio.

Purpose:To assess the viability of McFarlane skin flaps in rats with administration of sildenafil. Methods: Twenty Wistar rats were distributed into two groups: Control (dorsal skin flap, subdermal application of saline solution at 0.9%) and Study (dorsal skin flap, subdermal application of sildenafil). Seven days after the surgery, flaps were photographed and graphically rendered. Then, they were analyzed with AutoCAD software. Three biopsies (proximal, medial and distal) of each flap were collected for histological analysis. Results: Macroscopic analysis showed that animals of the study group had greater necrotic areas (p=0.003) in the dorsal skin flaps. Additionally, histological analysis of the distal third of these flaps showed a tendency to less granulated tissue formation in animals treated with sildenafil. Conclusion: Sildenafil subdermally was associated with lower viability of the random skin flap in rats. Key words: Wound Healing. Surgical Flaps. Cyclic GMP. Nitric Oxide. Rats. RESUMOObjetivo: Avaliar a viabilidade de retalhos cutâneos de ratos à McFarlane após a administração de sildenafil. Métodos: Vinte ratos Wistar foram distribuídos em dois grupos: Controle (confecção do retalho cutâneo dorsal, aplicação subdérmica de solução salina a 0,9%) e Estudo (confecção do retalho cutâneo dorsal, aplicação subdérmica de sildenafil). Sete dias após a operação, os retalhos foram fotografados e representados graficamente, para serem analisados com o programa AutoCad. Três biópsias (cranial, média e caudal) foram coletadas de cada retalho, para análise histológica. Resultados: A análise macroscópica evidenciou que os animais do grupo Estudo apresentaram maiores áreas de necrose (p=0,003) nos retalhos cutâneos dorsais. Além disso, a análise histológica dos terços distais dos retalhos mostrou uma tendência à formação de menos tecido de granulação nos animais que receberam o sildenafil. Conclusão: O sildenafil subdérmico esteve associado com uma pior viabilidade tecidual dos retalhos cutâneos dorsais de ratos. Descritores: Cicatrização de Feridas. Retalhos Cirúrgicos. GMP Cíclico. Óxido Nítrico. Ratos.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the epidemiological data and available treatments for fractures secondary to radiotherapy treatment. METHODS: Identification of publications on pathological skeletal fractures previously exposed to ionizing radiation. RESULTS: The incidence of fractures after irradiation varies from 1.2% to 25% with a consolidation rate of 33% to 75%, being more frequent in the ribs, pelvis, and femur. The time elapsed between irradiation and fracture occurs years after radiotherapy. Risk factors include age above 50 years, female gender, extensive periosteal detachment, circumferential irradiation, tumor size, and anterior thigh location. The etiology is still uncertain, but cellular disappearance, reduction of bone turnover and activity were observed hematopoietic as possible causes of failure of consolidation. CONCLUSION: There is no consensus in the literature on the factors related to the development of fractures, with radiation dose, previous tumor size and periosteal detachment being suggested as potential factors.

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Objective: To assess the early complications in the orthopedic treatment of metastatic bone lesions and the factors associated with these complications. Method: There were assessed, retrospectively, 64 patients that underwent surgical treatment for bone metastases, analyzing the complications that occurred in the pre-operative and early post- operative period and associating them with the tumor origin, type of procedure done, the need of blood reposition before the surgery, the need of new surgical procedures and the mortality due to the complications. Results: Early complications in the treatment were observed in 17 (26.6%) patients, of which six (35.2%) ended up dying due to these complications. Regarding the type, 15 (23.8%) cases were due to surgical complications, four (6.3%) clinical and three (4.7%) patients showed clinical and surgical complications. There was no significant difference in the frequency of complications or mortality when assessed the type of reconstruction or affected region. The tumors with a renal origin needed more blood reposition and showed a bigger frequency of complications. Conclusion: The complications occurred in 26.6%. The complications are not related to the kind of treatment performed or to the region affected. The renal origin tumors showed a higher risk of hemorrhage.

Use of the amniotic membrane to cover the peritoneal cavity in the reconstruction of the abdominal wall with polypropylene mesh in rats Use of the amniotic membrane to cover the peritoneal cavity in Use of the amniotic membrane to cover the peritoneal cavity in Use of the amniotic membrane to cover the peritoneal cavity in Use of the amniotic membrane to cover the peritoneal cavity in Use of the amniotic membrane to cover the peritoneal cavity in the reconstruction of the abdominal wall with polypropylene the reconstruction of the abdominal wall with polypropylene the reconstruction of the abdominal wall with polypropylene the reconstruction of the abdominal wall with polypropylene the reconstruction of the abdominal wall with polypropylene mesh in rats mesh in rats mesh in rats mesh in rats mesh in rats Uso da membrana amniótica como cobertura da cavidade abdominal na Uso da membrana amniótica como cobertura da cavidade abdominal na Uso da membrana amniótica como cobertura da cavidade abdominal na Uso da membrana amniótica como cobertura da cavidade abdominal na Uso da membrana amniótica como cobertura da cavidade abdominal na reconstrução da parede com tela de polipropileno em ratos reconstrução da parede com tela de polipropileno em ratos reconstrução da parede com tela de polipropileno em ratos reconstrução da parede com tela de polipropileno em ratos reconstrução da parede com tela de polipropileno em ratos Objective Objective: to evaluate the efficacy of the amniotic membrane used with polypropylene mesh against the formation of adhesions and its influence on healing. Methods Methods Methods Methods Methods: twenty five female Wistar rats were anesthetized for creating a parietal defect in the anterior abdominal wall. Its correction was made with polypropylene mesh alone and associated with amniotic membrane. In the control group (n=11), the screen was inserted alone. In group A (n=7) we interposed the amniotic membrane between the screen and the abdominal wall. In group B, the amniotic membrane was placed on the mesh, covering it. After seven days, the animals were euthanized for macroscopic and microscopic evaluation of healing. Results Results ResultsResults Results: adhesions were observed in all animals except one in the control group. Severe inflammation was observed in all animals in groups A and B and in three of the control group, with significant difference between them (A and B with p=0.01). Pronounced angiogenic activity was noted in one animal in the control group, six in group A and four in group B, with a significant difference between the control group and group A (p=0.002) and group B (p=0.05). The scar collagen was predominantly mature, except in five animals of the control group, with significant difference between the control group and group A (p=0.05) and group B (p=0.05). Conclusion Conclusion Conclusion Conclusion Conclusion: The amniotic membrane did not alter the formation of adhesions in the first postoperative week. There were also pronounced inflammation, high angiogenic activit...

Purpose: To evaluate the use of platelet-rich plasma in the early stages of healing of traumatic injury of the medial collateral ligament in the knee of rabbits. Methods: Thirty rabbits were subjected to surgical lesion of the medial collateral ligament. Of these, 16 were treated with platelet-rich plasma and 14 with saline (control). After 3 and 6 weeks of treatment, 50% of the animals from each group were sacrificed, and biomechanical tests were performed on the injured ligament to compare the tensile strength between the two groups. Results: Platelet-rich plasma significantly increased the tensile strength of the ligament in the groups treated after3 and 6 weeks. In the group treated with platelet-rich plasma vs. saline, the tensile strength values were 3192.5 ± 189.7 g/f vs. 2851.1 ± 193.1 g/f at3 weeks (p = 0.005) and 5915.6 ± 832.0 g/f vs. 4187.6 ± 512.9 g/f at 6 weeks (p = 0.0001). Conclusion:The use of platelet-rich plasma at the injury site accelerated ligament healing in an animal model, demonstrated by an increase in the tensile strength of the medial collateral ligament.

Local relapse presents correlation with extra-compartimental location and with high grade malignancy tumors.