This is a therapeutic study level IV (case series).
SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the epidemiological data and available treatments for fractures secondary to radiotherapy treatment. METHODS: Identification of publications on pathological skeletal fractures previously exposed to ionizing radiation. RESULTS: The incidence of fractures after irradiation varies from 1.2% to 25% with a consolidation rate of 33% to 75%, being more frequent in the ribs, pelvis, and femur. The time elapsed between irradiation and fracture occurs years after radiotherapy. Risk factors include age above 50 years, female gender, extensive periosteal detachment, circumferential irradiation, tumor size, and anterior thigh location. The etiology is still uncertain, but cellular disappearance, reduction of bone turnover and activity were observed hematopoietic as possible causes of failure of consolidation. CONCLUSION: There is no consensus in the literature on the factors related to the development of fractures, with radiation dose, previous tumor size and periosteal detachment being suggested as potential factors.
Objective: To evaluate a series of cases of traumatic posterior dislocations in children, with the treatment and results, and to review issues relating to the epidemiology, clinical and radiographic diagnosis, treatment, complications and prognosis of such cases. Methods: Five patients with traumatic hip dislocation, with a mean age of 4.6 ± 0.9 years and a follow-up period of 19.8 ± 7.0 months, were evaluated retrospectively. The time elapsed between dislocation and reduction, the type of treatment, the associated injuries and the subsequent complications were evaluated. Results: The initial treatment was closed reduction, which was performed on average 5.2 ± 3.6 hours after the initial trauma. All the patients underwent the reduction under anesthesia. The complementary treatment included plaster cast immobilization and traction. No need for additional surgery was observed and there were no long-term side effects. Conclusion: Traumatic dislocation of the hip should be treated quickly by means of closed reduction, with appropriate control over the reduction and rigorous observation in order to diagnose and treat late complications.
Objective: To evaluate the rate of local recurrence of extra-abdominal desmoid tumor and compare the outcomes of surgical treatment and conservative treatment.Methods: Twenty one patients (14 women and seven men), mean age 33.0±8.7 years old, with a diagnosis of desmoid tumor were evaluated. The mean follow-up period was 58.5±29.0 months. Fourteen cases involved the lower limbs, four cases involved the upper limbs, and three cases involved the trunk. The average tumor size was 12.7±7.5 cm. Of the 21 patients, 14 did not undergo previous treatment and seven patients relapsed before the initial evaluation. Surgical treatment was performed in 16 patients and conservative treatment was performed in five patients.Results: Recurrence occurred in seven patients (33%) and six of them relapsed within the first 18 months. No significant difference was observed between conservative and surgical treatment. However, a significant difference was observed among patients undergoing wide resection and who experienced improved local control.Conclusion: The recurrence rate of desmoid tumor was 33.3%. There was no difference in recurrence between conservative and surgical treatment. In surgical treatment, wide margins showed better results for recurrence control. Level of Evidence III. Retrospective Observational Study.
RESUMOObjetivo: Avaliar a reprodutibilidade intraobservador e interobservador da classificação proposta pelo grupo AO/ASIF, para as fraturas dos ossos longos em crianças. Método: Foram analisadas e classificadas por cinco avaliadores, 100 radiografias convencionais digitalizadas de fraturas dos ossos longos em crianças, utilizando a classificação alfanumérica proposta pelo grupo AO/ASIF. A força de concordância intraobservador (realizada com intervalo de 90 dias) e a interobservador foram avaliadas através do coeficiente Kappa. Resultados: O índice Kappa para observação intraobservador foi de 0,69 (grande concordância) e na análise interobservador o índice foi de 0,64 (grande concordância) na primeira avaliação e 0,61 (grande concordân-cia) na segunda análise realizada 90 dias após a classificação inicial. Conclusão: A classificação proposta pelo grupo AO/ASIF mostrou grande concordância intra e interobservador, sendo útil para utilização nas fraturas dos ossos longos em crianças. INTRODUÇÃOAs classificações utilizadas em ortopedia têm como objetivo orientar o tratamento, prever o prognóstico e permitir a padronização, documentação e comparação entre os vários estudos científicos (1)(2)(3) . Para isso, a classificação deve ser simples, de fácil aplicação na prática clínica e reprodutível, com grande concordância entre os cirurgiões (3) . Embora vários sistemas de classificação tenham sido descritos para as fraturas da criança, a maioria das classificações é direcionada para ossos específicos como a de Gartland (4) para as fraturas distais do úmero ouRev Bras Ortop. 2010;45(Suppl):37-9
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