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ÖzPurpose: This study aimed to evaluate the types and incidence of renal vein anomaly (RVA) and their relationship with renal stone disease and renal tumors with multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). Materials and Methods: We evaluated retrospectively 10124 patients abdominal MDCT images. After the exclusion criteria, the final study population consisted of 9294 patients. The demographic characteristics of the patients, the presence of RVA, the presence of renal stone disease and renal tumor were recorded. RVAs were separated into three subgroups: retroaortic left renal vein (RLRV), circumaortic left renal vein (CLRV), and double right renal vein (DRRV). The presence of renal stone disease and renal tumors were recorded in patients with RVAs. Results: 1389 cases had RVA (14.9%). RVA was higher in males than females. The prevalence of DRRV, RLRV, and CLRV were 9.5%, 3.9%, and 1.9%, respectively. Renal tumors was detected in 20, and renal stone disease was detected in 243 of 1389 RVA cases, there was no statistically significant correlation. However, a statistically significant correlation was found between left renal stone disease with RLRV and CRLV. Conclusion: Contrary to popular belief, RVAs are not uncommon. It is very important to know the presence of RVA before retroperitoneal surgery to prevent possible complications. In addition, RLRV and CLRV are thought to be factors that predispose to the development of left renal stone disease.

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Purpose (1) To evaluate the accuracy and validity of the biparametric MRI (bp-MRI), including T2-weigthed image (WI) and DWI sequences, and the availability of an alternative to the multiparametric MRI (mp-MRI), for the muscle-invasiveness assessment of bladder cancer (BC). ( 2) To evaluate the diagnostic performance and agreement of readers with different experiences in the abdominal imaging of using both protocols. Methods Preoperative bladder mp-MRI was performed on 128 patients with a initial diagnosis of BC. Two sets of images, set 1 (bp-MRI) and set 2 (mp-MRI), were independently evaluated by both readers. Descriptive statistics, including sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and area under the curve (AUC), for VI-RADS scores were calculated using ≥ 4 as the cutoff for muscle invasion for each reader and image sets. Inter-reader agreement was evaluated using the Cohen's kappa coefficient. ResultsThe sensitivity ranged between 90.3-93.5% and 87.1-90.3%, specificity ranged between 96.6-99.1% and 91.6-96.6%, accuracy ranged between 96-97.3% and 91.3-94.6%, and AUC ranged between 0.947-0.951 and 0.919-0.921, for bp-MRI and mp-MRI, and reader 1 and reader 2, respectively. No significant differences were shown in diagnostic performance for either reader between both the protocols (p = 0.238 and 0.318). There was excellent agreement among the readers in the VI-RADS scores, using both protocols. Conclusion A bp-MRI protocol has a diagnostic accuracy comparable to an mp-MRI protocol for the detection of muscleinvasive BC using the VI-RADS criteria. Also, in both MRI protocols, the reader's experience does not appear to significantly affect diagnostic performance when using the VI-RADS criteria.

Background/Aim: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is spreading rapidly all over the world and has high mortality rates. Governments implement quarantine or restrictions to prevent the virus from getting out of control. Computed Tomography (CT) has an important place in the diagnosis of COVID-19 and patient management. This study aimed to evaluate the changes in chest CT findings and the disease prognosis of COVID-19 pneumonia during the restriction and post-restriction periods. Methods: A total of 1150 patients whose COVID-19 disease was confirmed by a reverse transcriptasepolymerase chain reaction and who underwent chest CT examination between April 1-September 30, 2020 were included in this retrospective cohort study. The participants were categorized into two groups according to CT examination dates, as during (April 1-May 31), and after the restriction periods (June 1-September 30). Each patient's CT severity score (CTSS) was calculated, and the need for admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) and mortality related to COVID-19 were noted for statistical analysis. Results: Of the 1150 cases, 213 were in the restriction period group (RPG), while 937 were in the postrestriction period group (PRPG). The median value of CTSS was 5 in the RPG, and 6 in the PRPG (P=0.095). In the RPG and PRPG, the number of patients who needed ICU admission were 20 (9.4%), and 50 (5.3%), respectively, while 12 (7%) and 39 (4.2%) patients, respectively, died from COVID-19. Both parameters were comparable between the two groups (P=0.073, P=0.060 respectively). Conclusion:The restrictions did not change the severity of the COVID-19 disease, ICU hospitalization rate, and death rate.

FIGURE 1: Axial and coronal unenhanced chest computed tomography. Pneumothorax (arrows), multiple ground-glass opacities and consolidations (arrowheads), in both lung fields.