<strong>English</strong><br />Direct cash transfer is widely used to strengthen food security and reduce household vulnerability to poverty. In Indonesia, direct cash transfer (BLT) has lasted several decades. However, there are still problems in its implementation. This study aims to analyze the effect of BLT on the food security of household-recipients. The data source used was Susenas March 2015, with a total sample of 285,908 households, comprising 55,238 BLT recipients and 230,670 non-recipients. PSM and IPWRA estimators were used to estimate the ATET indicator of food security. The analysis results showed that BLT positively impacted recipient households in terms of calorie and protein intake per capita/day. BLT also has a positive effect on per capita food expenditure and the share of food expenditure. Besides, BLT impacts a change in the percentage of food expenditure; there is a shift in food consumption from the root crops, animal food, fruit, and vegetables to grains, processed food and beverages, and cigarettes. There has been a change in food consumption patterns in recipient households to become more consumptive. However, providing BLT alone is not enough. It should be combined with other social safety net programs to increase the food security of poor households. <br /><br /><br /><strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Bantuan langsung semakin banyak digunakan untuk memperkuat ketahanan pangan dan mengurangi kerentanan kemiskinan. Di Indonesia, Bantuan Langsung Tunai (BLT) telah berlangsung beberapa dekade. Akan tetapi, dalam pelaksanaannya terdapat beberapa permasalahan, di antaranya ketidaktepatan sasaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis dampak program BLT terhadap ketahanan pangan penerima. Sumber data adalah Susenas Maret 2015, dengan sampel 285.908 rumah tangga, terdiri dari 55.238 penerima BLT dan 230.670 bukan penerima. Metode PSM dan IPWRA digunakan untuk menduga ATET indikator ketahanan pangan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa pemberian BLT memberikan dampak positif bagi rumah tangga penerima dalam aspek asupan kalori dan protein per kapita/hari. BLT juga berdampak positif terhadap pengeluaran pangan per kapita dan pangsa pengeluaran pangan. Selain itu, BLT berdampak pada perubahan pangsa pengeluaran pangan yang ditunjukkan oleh terjadinya pergeseran konsumsi pangan dari kelompok pangan umbi-umbian, pangan hewani, buah dan sayur menuju kelompok padi-padian, makanan dan minuman jadi, serta rokok. Terjadi perubahan pola konsumsi pangan pada rumah tangga penerima menjadi lebih konsumtif. Secara keseluruhan, BLT mampu memberikan dampak positif terhadap beberapa indikator ketahanan pangan. Pemberian BLT saja tidak cukup untuk memberikan makanan yang cukup dan bergizi bagi rumah tangga penerima. Perlu ada kombinasi antara bantuan langsung tunai dengan program jaring pengaman sosial lainnya yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan ketahanan pangan rumah tangga miskin.
Shallot is one of horticultural commodities with a high demand. Majority of shallots in Maluku are bought from Surabaya and Makasar. However, the government continuously does horticultural development in the center of shallot production. The objective of this study was to analize the competitiveness and comparativeness of farming between shallots which are cultivated by local farmer and shallots which are imported. There were three locations of research i.e., Maluku Tenggara, Seram Bagian Barat, and Maluku Tengah. Primary data were collected by quessioner and used purposive sampling method. Primary data were analyzed using policy analysis matrix. The results showed that shallot farming in Maluku has comparative and competitive advantages compared with imported shallots. Agricultural government policy effectively increases local farmer insentive. However, it shows a decreasing trend while increasing productivity of shallot. Shallot farming having production higher than 8 ton/ha need output subsidy to give price guarantee. Effort to increase shallot competitiveness is conducted by increasing productivity and developing a farmer institution to make a sustainable agricultural development. Keywords: shallot, competitiveness, competitive and comparative
Banten Province on the 2019 year has to harvest area of corn was 66,356 ha with 331,865.38 tons production and the highest production in Pandeglang Regency. The purpose of this study was: 1) Knowing the pattern of corn farming in Banten Province, 2) Knowing the factors of production that affect corn production. 3) Knowing the cost factors that affect the cost of corn production. The analytical method used multiple linear analysis of the Cobb Douglas production and cost function. The results of the study were: 1) The planting pattern of corn was corn-corn - fallow. Dominant varieties were NK-212 (75.8%), Bima (12.1%) and BISI-18 (12.1%). Average productivity in RS 2018/2019 was 3.44 tons of dry shelled ha-1. The B/C ratio is 0.7, it’s mean financially not profitable.2) Factors that significantly affect corn production were: number of seeds, amount of manure, and number of tractors rent, and variety dummy. A cumulative elasticity value of 1.0 means corn farming was efficient. 3) Factors that significantly influence the cost of production were liquid herbicide prices and human labor costs. Increasing corn productivity still needs to be done with the use of proportional farming inputs.
Land is one of the main factors in rice production. However, the transfer of agricultural land functions to other sectors continues and becomes a challenge in the food supply in Indonesia. Serang City is one of the rice-producing areas in Banten Province. This study aims to analyze changes in the transfer of rice field functions to other sectors by mapping rice field cover using Sentinel-2 satellite imagery in 2021 compared to 2019 with the Random Forest method by using Google Earth Engine (GEE) applications and cloud computing support. The study results showed that the cover of rice fields in Serang City in 2021 decreased by 602.87 ha (-7.20%) compared to 2019 from the total land cover. Land cover in other vegetation was also reduced by 242 ha (-2.45%), while urban land cover in 2021 increased by 781.82 ha (10.89%). This study shows that there has been a change in land transfer in Serang City due to urban expansion in 3 years, as well as that the use of GEE can streamline monitoring of changes in land transfer and land use cover. Keywords: rice field, Google Earth Engine, Sentinel-2
Pasta cabai merupakan hasil olahan cabai yang memiliki prospek yang cukup menjanjikan. Masalah pemasaran erat kaitannya dengan masa simpan produk. Diperlukan adanya metode untuk menduga umur simpan dari pasta cabai yang akan dipasarkan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan umur simpan pasta cabai dengan menggunakan metode Accelerated Shelf-Life Testing (ASLT) dengan pendekatan Arrhenius. Penelitian menggunakan 5 perlakuan konsentrasi Natrium Benzoat, yaitu 0 g/kg bahan, 0.25 g/kg bahan, 0.5 g/kg bahan, 0.75 g/kg bahan dan 1 g/kg bahan. Penyimpanan dilakukan pada suhu 20 oC, 25 oC dan 40 oC. Pengamatan dilakukan pada hari ke 0, 4, 8, 12 dan 15. Parameter kritis yang digunakan yaitu nilai kesukaan dari panelis. Digunakan 10 orang panelis untuk menilai setiap sampel pasta cabai dengan skor 1 sampai 6 (1=tidak suka sekali, 2=tidak suka, 3=agak tidak suka, 4=agak suka, 5=suka, 6=suka sekali). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendugaan umur simpan pasta cabai pada sampel pasta cabai yang diberi penambahan natrium benzoat sebesar 0 g/kg bahan, 0.25 g/kg bahan, 0.5 g/kg bahan, 0.75 g/kg bahan dan 1 g/kg bahan yaitu secara berurutan sebesar 3.37 hari, 12.63 hari, 12.93 hari, 14.75 hari, dan 63.30 hari pada suhu 25 oC. Penggunaan natrium benzoat sebanyak 1 g/kg bahan merupakan dosis maksimal yang diizinkan sesuai Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan RI No. 722/MENKES/Per/IX/1988.
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