The fatty acid composition of mature human milk from 10 rural Nigerian women was analyzed by high-resolution capillary gas-liquid chromatography and compared to previously determined results on mature human milk from 15 German mothers. Human milk of the Nigerian group contains significantly higher proportions of saturated fatty acids (median 54.07 vs. 42.76% wt/wt). The difference is primarily caused by high values for lauric (C12:0, 8.34%) and myristic acids (C14:0, 9.57%), but not of medium chain fatty acids (C8:0, C10:0), presumably due to increased de novo fatty acid synthesis in the African women consuming a high carbohydrate and low-fat diet. Markedly lower values of oleic and total cis-monounsaturated (22.82 vs. 37.98%) as well as trans-isomeric fatty acids (1.20 vs. 4.40%) in Nigerian milk appear to result from low dietary intakes of animal and partially hydrogenated fats, respectively. Although percentage contribution of linoleic acid (18:2n-6) is similar, arachidonic acid (C20:4n-6) and total n-6 long-chain polyunsaturates with 20 and 22 carbons (n-6 LCP) are higher in the African samples. N-6 LCP secretion with human milk lipids is not correlated to the precursor linoleic acid and seems not to depend on maternal dietary intake of preformed dietary LCP with animal fats. N-3 LCP are very high in milk of the Nigerian women who obtain a large portion of dietary lipids from sea fish, but even then docosaehexanoic (C22:6n-3) and not eicosapentaenoic (C20: 5n-3) is the predominant n-3 LCP in milk.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
To determine the biochemical effects of the fatty acid composition of plasma lipids, two groups of 10 healthy full term infants who were either exclusively breast fed or received a formula with similar contents of linoleic and a. linolenic acids, but without long chain polyunsaturated (LCP) fatty acids, were studied prospectively. Plasma phospholipid, triglyceride, and sterol ester fatty acids were determined at the age of 2, 4, and 8 weeks by high resolution capillary gas chromatography.
water and electrolytes remained unchanged while patients were given for 3 consrcutives 7 days periods 0.7. 1.5, 2.5 g of aminoacids (AA) per Kg LBMtday. On day 7 of each period children received a short (4b) constant infusion of L-ll-13CI leucine during IV feeding ; leucine turnover (Ra) and oxydation (Ox) were calculated from I3C-plasma ketoisocapruate and expired 13C02 enrichments. Non oxydative leucine disposal an estimate of protein synthesis (S) and leucine derived from protein breakdown ( 8 ) were calculated. Results : ~moVKg/LBMmour Anova * p
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.