This pocket data book contains the most recent statistical data representing the level and dynamics of the digital economy development in the Russian Federation. International comparisons are provided for a number of indicators. The data book includes information of the Russian Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat), Ministry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media of the Russian Federation, Federal Customs Service of Russia,Russian Central Bank (Bank of Russia), European Statistical Offi ce (Eurostat), Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), International Telecommunication Union (ITU), United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs, World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO), Scopus database, and results of own methodological and analytical studies of the HSE Institute for Statistical Studies and Economics of Knowledge.
This pocket data book contains the most recent statistical data representing the level and dynamics of the digital economy development in the Russian Federation. International comparisons are provided for a number of indicators. The data book includes information of the Ministry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media of the Russian Federation, Russian Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat), Russian Central Bank (Bank of Russia), Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), European Statistical Office (Eurostat), International Telecommunication Union (ITU), United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO), and results of own methodological and analytical studies of the HSE Institute for Statistical Studies and Economics of Knowledge.
Настоящий статистический сборник продолжает серию публикаций, посвященных основным аспектам развития цифровой экономики в России. С использованием последних имеющихся данных рассматриваются позиции страны в международных рейтингах; представлены индикаторы, характеризующие исследования и разработки в области ИКТ, кадры цифровой экономики, сферу телекоммуникаций, деятельность секторов ИКТ, контента и СМИ. Приводятся статистические данные, отражающие спрос на цифровые технологии в предпринимательском секторе и социальной сфере, их использование населением, в том числе для взаимодействия с органами власти при получении госуслуг в электронной форме. В специальном разделе собраны показатели развития цифровой экономики в регионах России. Обзор технологических трендов в области цифровой экономики подготовлен с использованием системы интеллектуального анализа больших данных iFORA, разработанной специалистами Института статистических исследований и экономики знаний (ИСИЭЗ) Национального исследовательского университета «Высшая школа экономики» (НИУ ВШЭ). В публикации использованы материалы Росстата, Минкомсвязи России, Минобрнауки России, Минкультуры России, Банка России, Организации экономического сотрудничества и развития (ОЭСР), Евростата, Международного союза электросвязи (МСЭ), Департамента экономического и социального развития ООН, Всемирного экономического форума, других российских и международных организаций, а также собственные разработки ИСИЭЗ НИУ ВШЭ.
The pocket data book contains main indicators characterizing S&T and innovation potential of the Russian Federation. There are the information about intellectual property, S&T output, data of international comparisons given. The data book includes information of the Federal State Statistics Service, Federal Service for Intellectual Property, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Eurostat, UNESCO, World Intellectual Property Organisation, national statistical services of foreign countries, and results of own methodological and analytical studies of the HSE Institute for Statistical Studies and Economics of Knowledge. In some cases, the presented data specify those published earlier.
This essay examines the unique conception of self (ātman) developed by Utpaladeva, one of the greatest philosophers of the Kashmir Śaiva Recognition (Pratyabhijñā) school, in polemics with Buddhist no-self theorists and rival Hindu schools. The central question that fueled philosophical debate between Hinduism and Buddhism for centuries is whether a continuous stable entity, which is either consciousness itself or serves as the ground of consciousness, is required to sustain all the experienced features of embodied physical and mental activity, and, in the context of the conceptualization of the world as saṃsāra , whether such a self persists between rebirths and in liberation. Utpaladeva argues contra Buddhists and contra other ātmavādins not only that differentiation and unity or change and continuity are compatible, but that a coherent account of our experience requires a continuous dynamic substratum that accommodates both. The Pratyabhijñā's ātman is opposed to that of Nyāya, Vaiśeṣ ika, and Mīmāṃsā insofar as it is de-individuated, which makes it close to Advaita's Brahman, also a universal consciousness, from which it differs, however, insofar as it is theological and acts as the contentbearer by taking on forms, as opposed to being impersonal and passive. When compared with theologies, both from within and outside the wider domain of Hindu thought, the Pratyabhijñā proves to be unique in that it gives a philosophically nuanced account of God, who stands in a nondual relationship to the individual self. This essay also compares the Pratyabhijñā's theological account of self with the theological idealism of Berkeley and Bradley, finding it closer to the latter. Comparing the Pratyabhijñā with its nearest Western philosophical counterparts should make it more accessible and intelligible from the standpoint of the Western academy and pave the way for involving its rich and distinctive conception of self in the fledgling cross-cultural philosophical dialogue on questions concerning self and consciousness.
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