Digital technology entrepreneurship is an important element of the transition to the digital economy, a factor of accelerating regional development. But this type of entrepreneurship has been studied insufficiently in the scientific literature. The aim of the study is to determine the impact of digital technology entrepreneurship on the development of Russian regions by clarifying its types and features. The methods of included observation, structural analysis, functional analysis, comparative analysis were used in the study. As a result, the definition of digital technology entrepreneurship is clarified, its categorization by four classification grounds is developed, the main features are established, the key directions of influence on the social and economic development of the region are identified. The recommendations on the accelerated development of digital process entrepreneurship in the regions are proposed and substantiated. The results of the study can be used by the authorities and universities developing digital technology entrepreneurship.
Опорные университеты, как правило, считают одной из основных своих стратегических целей формирование ядра региональной инновационной экосистемы. Достижение этой цели предполагает не только создание инновационной инфраструктуры, привлечение партнеров, но и формирование социального капитала и инновационной культуры («мягкой» компоненты экосистемы). Деятельность опорных университетов по решению последней задачи и проанализирована в данной исследовательской статье. Теоретической рамкой исследования являлась концепция флагманских университетов Д. Дугласа, а методикой-качественный анализ документов стратегического планирования и официальных сайтов опорных университетов. Исследование показало, что практически все опорные университеты стремятся стать ядром инновационной экосистемы региона, однако они уделяют недостаточное внимание развитию инновационной культуры и социального капитала. Ряд университетов в принципе не ставит перед собой такой задачи и не ведет целенаправленной работы по изменению культуры в пользу актуальных для экосистемы ценностей. Практически во всех опорных университетах наблюдается дефицит конкретных управленческих действий по влиянию на культурные ценности. Развитие социального капитала также недостаточно проработано, что может существенно затруднять реализацию совместных с научными учреждениями, партнерами, бизнес-структурами проектов. Ограничения проведенного исследования обусловлены использованием лишь материалов открытого доступа опорных университетов «первой волны». На следующем этапе развития (после 2020 г.) опорным вузам целесообразно предусматривать цели, мероприятия по развитию инновационной культуры и социального капитала и их контрольные показатели, без чего не будет функционировать «жесткая» компонента экосистемы. Результаты исследования могут быть полезны руководителям университетов и их партнерам, заинтересованным в сбалансированном развитии опорных вузов как ядер экосистем. Ключевые слова: опорный университет, инновационная экосистема, инновационная культура, социальный капитал, стратегия университета. Благодарность: публикация подготовлена по результатам выполнения научно-исследовательской работы, финансируемой из средств ФГБОУ ВО «Кемеровский государственный университет» на тему «Формирование инновационной экосистемы технологического предпринимательства как фактор снижения монозависимости региона».
The goal of the research consists in determining the potential of the technological entrepreneurship impact on the diversification processes of regional economy (regions and large municipal entities). The paper specifies the main types and diversification factors of regional economy. The authors determine the key limitations of modern diversification theories. The researchers propose the hypothesis of a “technological push” as a way of overcoming the effect of dependence on the previous economic development. The technological entrepreneurship gives the opportunity of creating principally new types of economic activity for a region which use the temporary monopoly effect. This fact determines the advantages of technological entrepreneurship when involving investors into the weak types of economic activity. The paper substantiates the main provisions displaying the impact of technological entrepreneurship on the dynamics of the regional economy’s structure. The authors classify the characteristics of technological entrepreneurship influencing the diversification of economy. The matrix of the correlation between the types of technological entrepreneurship and types of economic diversification is developed, on the basis of which the main directions and limitations of diversification are determined. The researchers suggest and classify the factors of the direct impact (creation of new industries and enterprises) and indirect positive effects of technological entrepreneurship in the context of creating a balanced structure of economy (development of human and social capital, growth of spatial importance of the territory). Technological entrepreneurship is a factor of the economic transformation and even under the conditions of the inertia development it allows minimizing the investment and market barriers of diversification when resources are limited. The results of the study can be used as a basis for further empirical research of the correlation of technological entrepreneurship and economic structure and also at substantiating the decisions of executive authorities, developing documents of strategic planning.
The problem of assessing and justifying the cost-effectiveness of creating various elements of an innovation ecosystem of territories, in particular, regions has been analyzed in the article. Most of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation are working on the formation of innovative ecosystems in the context of strategic economic management. However, this raises the issue of budget and economic cost-effectiveness. The purpose of the article is to develop a methodological approach and the main directions of determining the effectiveness of the formation of innovative ecosystems.It has been shown, that it is incorrect to evaluate efficiency only by the direct budget effect. Based on expert interviews the main effects of the development of the region’s innovation ecosystem have been identified and classified. It has been allowed us to clarify specific areas of the influence of the innovation ecosystem on a number of economic indicators, including the gross regional product. The formulas for calculating the most important effects of the development of innovative ecosystems in terms of value have been proposed. The influence of innovation ecosystems on the achievement of public goals of socio-economic development of territories has been noted. Based on data on the development of an innovation ecosystem with a core in the form of a regional support university and the implementation of student entrepreneurial projects, key effects arising from costs from various sources have been identified.It has been shown, that additional costs for the development of innovative ecosystems can be fully justified, provided that a full-fledged funnel of projects is implemented. Attention has been paid to the problem of more complete and accurate assessments of the long-term effects of the development of an innovation ecosystem for spatial significance, migration attractiveness, and the development of human capital of the territory. Conclusions about the significant impact of costs on the formation of an innovation ecosystem on the development of the territory (both existing and potential) have been made.
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