The PIP analysis was very useful for understanding realistic expectations for the potential of BeHealthy and its inputs. As a result, we now plan to evaluate the impact of the program and, on this basis, further improve the program's implementation and dissemination to other locations.
Introduction: Nowadays, studying the features of influence of mobile devices on stereotypes of children’s behavior and communication between children and adults acquires special significance. In modern conditions, a child loses the need for verbal communication and physical activity devoting almost all leisure time to virtual space. As a result, along with the development of specific features of cognitive functions in children their physical activity reduces significantly posing health risks and contributing to excess body weight, obesity, diseases of cardiovascular and nervous systems. Our objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of restrictions imposed on the use of cellphones at schools. Materials and methods: The study was conducted in Novosibirsk in January – March 2020. It involved 454 school children including 228 children who did not use cellphones during school breaks (observation group) and 226 children who actively used cellphones during breaks and lessons (control group). Results: The observation group was characterized by significantly higher energy expenditures related to physical activities with a dynamic component during breaks (p≤0.05) as confirmed by objective data collected by a Polar V800 pulsometer with Polar H10 heart rate sensors, a higher percentage of verbal communications (81.2% against 21.2%), a lower prevalence of posture disorders as detected by computer topography (32.8% against 65.8%) and signs of overexertion of the visual apparatus during the school day among the children having functional visual loss (34.6% against 69.2%). Conclusions: The results prove the effectiveness of restrictions imposed on the children’s use of cellphones at school.
Introduction. The article examines the problem of creating healthy learning environments for children and adolescents. The purpose of this research is to identify the characteristics of functional state of schoolchildren’s adaptation system in conditions of limited use of mobile communication devices. Materials and Methods. Data for this study were collected using a hygiene experiment. The sample consisted of 355 schoolchildren. The observation group (n=155) included students separated from their mobile communication devices. The control group consisted of 180 students. The study involved evaluating the functional state of the adaptive capacity of compensatory adaptive mechanisms using generally accepted R. M. Baevsky’s method, modified for the purposes of the research. The identified indicators were subjected to statistical processing. The authors employed the following methods of theoretical research: comparison, formalization, generalization and system analysis. Results. The authors provide an international overview of interventions aimed at reducing mobile phone use in educational settings. The relationship between the state of schoolchildren’s adaptation mechanisms within all age groups and indicators of the cardiovascular system in conditions of separation from mobile communication devices was studied. The authors focus on the values of schoolchildren’s adaptive capacity in conditions of free use of mobile phones during the school day compared to the values obtained in conditions of smartphone separation. The study reveals the correlation between the activity and sensitivity of vegetative regulation of heart rate and gender and age characteristics. Conclusions. The research findings confirm the effectiveness of the restrictions imposed on the use of personal mobile communication devices at comprehensive schools. The authors conclude that limited use of mobile communication devices prevents reducing adaptive capacity of the child's body, therefore it reduces the risk of fatigue and pathological changes.
Introduction. Aim - improvement of methodological approaches to the assessment of potential damages to schoolchildren’s health. Materials and methods. There were surveyed 523 schoolchildren of educational institutions of the Tula region. Children are divided into three groups with pronounced, moderate and optimal intensity factors of the school environment. For assessing the damage to health, morbidity indices of negotiability, data of preventive medical examinations, characteristics of physical development were used. Results. Objects with an average and significant level of the potential risk of harm to health prevail among the children’s organizations in the country. The class of danger, the severity of the consequences for the health of the population exposed are the basis of the existing risk-oriented model of state control. An innovative approach to the hygienic assessment of sanitary and epidemiological well-being, taking into account the influence of a complex of factors of the intraschool environment, critical age periods of maturation of the child’s body, risks to children’s health, is proposed. In the examined children, violations of posture and vision, diseases of the nervous system, alimentary-dependent diseases, etc. were established to prevail. The greatest potential risk to health is caused by the influence of factors of the educational environment and the educational process, lifestyle. Conclusion. The use of the proposed methodological approach will allow solving complex tasks in the environment-health system: to identify the leading health problems and potential risk factors; the formation of risk-oriented programs for the health of children and adolescents.
Introduction. The deterioration of the health and physical fitness of school children in recent decades has actualized the need to introduce a health-saving system in educational organizations and as one of its components - school medicine. The introduction of school medicine in education dictated the need to solve two problems: the creation of a material and technical base (school medical offices and their equipment) and the training of school medical workers (bachelors of school medicine) or the redistribution of medical workers from the health system to education. However, the quantitative deficit in the country of pediatricians and secondary medical workers dictated only the first option of solving the problem. In this logic, the project “School medicine” was developed, aimed the training of bachelors in this field in medical universities and their subsequent employment in educational organizations. However, the introduction of school medicine did not take into account the ability of the teaching staff to form and preserve the health of students in the process of education and upbringing. This prompted us to consider the possibility of teachers' participation in the implementation of this project as full members of the school medicine system. The purpose of the study: to justify the role and importance of teachers in the implementation of the project “School medicine”. Materials and Methods. The research methodology is based on modern concepts of health as a holistic system, including physical, mental and moral components that have a mutual influence on each other, and the inextricable connection of this system with the natural and social environment (the principles of integrity, consistency, unity). The analytical and synthetic methods to study the problem paper has been used. Results. Based on the data of the authors and generalization results, the main directions of teachers' work on creating a health-preserving environment in an educational organization, participating in screening diagnostics and monitoring of physical and mental health of pupils, forming a healthy and safe lifestyle, as well as cooperation with medical personnel in the implementation of medical and hygienic tasks defined in the project are shown. The system of assessment of pupils' health, which can be defined as the first stage of medical examination of schoolchildren, is presented. Conclusions. The authors come to the conclusion that the training of students of a pedagogical University with the introduction of the “School medicine” program can provide a comprehensive approach to assessing the health of students and the sanitary and hygienic conditions of the educational environment and the educational process using modern innovative technologies, which can be implemented by teachers both independently and in cooperation with medical personnel.
Introduction. The optimal physical activity of schoolchildren ensures adequate physical development, considered as the totality of the morphological and functional properties of the body that characterize the process of its growth and maturation at each age interval. Main objective of research. To determine the values of individual accumulative risks of impairment of schoolchildren’s health components depending on the level of the physical activity and develop recommendations for their reduction. Material and methods. The study involved 709 schoolchildren aged 12-14 years. To solve the tasks there were used hygienic methods with an assessment of the physical mode, training mode, indicators of the functional capabilities of schoolchildren; anthropometric methods; information and analytical methods and statistical methods, including associative analysis. The level of physical activity of schoolchildren was classified according to daily energy expenditure, determined by summing energy expenditure across all categories of physical activity. Result and discussion. Individual accumulative risks of schoolchildren’s health problems were shown to be elevated in all components of health with an increase in the deviation of the level of physical activity from the optimum, and the time factor has a significant effect on the growth of individual accumulative risks of schoolchildren’s health problems. In order to reduce the likelihood of the formation of health disorders in schoolchildren, it has been established that the identification of physical activity impairments and the application of corrective measures should be carried out as early as possible - in the period up to 6 months from the moment when violations were detected. In drawing up a plan of corrective measures for the formation of an optimal level of average daily workload for school-age children, the categories of physical activity outside the normal range require a reduction to the recommended intensity and duration according to the gender and age. Associative rules have been obtained that allow identifying the causes of the disturbance of the structure of physical activity and make adjustments taking into account the relationship between categories of physical activity. The optimization was achieved by reducing the duration of time spent on various categories of physical activity to the recommended one. Conclusion. Application of the results of this study will reduce individual accumulative risks of violations of schoolchildren’s health, preserve the health of the younger generation, and provide optimal personal and physical development.
Introduction: Extracurricular activities are an important tool of preparing children for a successful life, setting essential core values, and identifying professional preferences. Student participation in after-school educational programs determines the density of elements contributing to acquiring new skills, knowledge, and physical capabilities in their daily routine. Objective: To assess the coverage of schoolchildren with supplementary education and to give a hygienic assessment of their extracurricular activities. Materials and methods: We analyzed data of the Internet-based survey of over 46,000 schoolchildren from 64 regions of the Russian Federation conducted in January – March 2021 using a standard Excel package and Statistica 10. Results: We estimated a smaller coverage of schoolchildren of all age groups with after-school sports (33.1–43.0 %) than with other types of activities, including circles/sections and studios (39.4–62.6 %). We established that 35 % of the respondents did not participate in extracurricular activities at all, with the largest and smallest proportions of such students in grades 9–11 (45.5–47.3 %) and grades 3–5 (27.7%–28.4 %), respectively. On average, 17.6 % of the respondents reported having regular classes with a tutor; the proportion of children attending tutorials was higher among school graduates and tended to increase with school age from 7.5 to 46.2 %. The proportion of eleventh graders studying with tutors was 35.9 % higher than that attending sports clubs. It should be noted that 20.7 % of the respondents reported having no walk on school days, except walking to school and back home, and the share of such children increased with age. Conclusion: Our study revealed age-specific characteristics of extracurricular activities and leisure of schoolchildren, availability and demand for supplementary educational services, and demonstrated the lack of skills of effective after-school time planning in modern students.
Summer rest in suburban health organisations is a formal form of summer holidays for children and adolescents. The purpose of this work is to assess the impact of a complex of factors of health institutions on the effectiveness of children’s health. The methods. Medical examinations of 14,413 schoolchildren aged 8 to 14 years were collected. All health facilities were divided into three clusters depending on a comprehensive indicator characterising the compliance of the conditions and organisation of rehabilitation with hygiene requirements. The assessment results of external conditions are presented by the specific gravity of the revealed violations for individual elements and, in general, a comprehensive assessment. Comparison of the structure of violations during inspections of organisations’ sanitary and epidemiological conditions was performed according to the χ2 criterion. The risks of a common healing effect were evaluated using the odds ratio (OR) indicator and its 95% confidence interval (CI). The OR calculation was performed compared to the group of the optimal level of the complex indicator of detected violations. Results. Contribution to the comprehensive indicator of non-compliance with requirements in medical work is from 31% to 81%, in catering from 18.3 to 54.1%, accommodation (from 15.3 to 45.5%). In 47.3% of organisations, the effectiveness of recovery was rated as high in 98.2-100% of the examined low in 3.4% of the examined. The dependence of the efficiency indicator of recovery on environmental factors is revealed. Conclusions. There is still a need to develop a health improvement system with improved control of the effectiveness of health improvement and the study of factors contributing to improving the effectiveness of health improvement.
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