The aim of this research was to analyze the correlation of age of Bali bull to the body weight and semen qualities. The materials were 50 Balibulls data collected from 2012 to 2018. Therecordeddatawere consisted ofsemen productions (n = 1304) and body weight (n = 1544). The observation was conducted to analysis the interrelationship between the Bali bulls age and body weight (BW), to the semen volume (SV), individual motility (IM) and sperm concentration (SC). The obtained data was analyzed with One-Way ANOVA analysisby using SPSS 24 and followed with Duncan’s Multiple Range Test to determine any significant differences. The correlation between Bali bulls age (the independent variable) and semen quality (the dependent variable) was computed by using Pearson correlation method and presented in linear regression models. The results showed that the Bali bulls agesignificantly affect (P<0.05) the BW from the age of 1 to 10 years old. The age also showed a significant effect (P<0.05) on the semen qualities. The age correlated significantly (P<0.05) with BW, SV, IM, SC were 0.658, 0.386, 0.134 and 0.086, respectively. Inconclusion,the age of Bali bull could be used as an indicator todetermineits BWand semenqualities.

Ongole Crossbred cattle or more popular known as Peranakan Ongole (PO) cattle is one of local breeds cattle in Indonesia. For improving the population and genetic quality, superior bull with high capacity to produce semen is seriously required. This study aimed to find out the estimation value of semen production of PO bull based on body weight and scrotal circumference. A total sampling of 9 bull candidates of PO cattle available at National Artificial Center (NAIC) Singosari, Malang, Indonesia were used in this study. The method used was case study. Scrotal circumference was directly measured as a primary data. While body weight, semen volume, semen concentration and sperm motility were collected from BBIB Singosari from secondary data. Data was analyzed using simple linear regression. The results showed that with the limited number of samples, there is no significant correlation (P>0.05) between body weight and scrotal circumference on semen volume, semen concentration, and sperm motility. It was concluded that with limited number of samples involved in this study, there was no significantly on semen production based on body weight and scrotal circumference on PO bull. The suggestion was to improve the correlation value and significant result. The number of samples should be increased.

Sapi asli indonesia dengan populasi terbesar dibandingkan sapi lokal lainnya yaitu sapi Bali. Pengembangan sapi Bali secara berkelanjutan dengan cara meningkatkan kualitas genetik melalui aspek reproduksi dalam pemilihan pejantan unggul. Bobot badan adalah salah satu kriteria dalam memilih pejantan unggul. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan bobot badan dengan kualitas semen. Materi yang digunakan yaitu data sekunder mulai tahun 2012-2018 dari 50 ekor pejantan sapi Bali meliputi data kualitas semen sebanyak (n=1204) ejakulasi di Balai Besar Inseminasi Buatan, Singosari, Jawa Timur, Indonesia. Metode penelitian adalah studi kasus. Variabel yang diamati yaitu bobot badan, volume semen, motilitas individu dan konsentrasi semen. Data dianalisa dengan menggunakan SPSS 24 dengan metode One-Way ANOVA. Uji korelasi menggunakan korelasi Pearson (r) dan analisis statistik model regresi linier untuk menduga kualitas semen berdasarkan bobot badan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bobot badan sapi Bali mempengaruhi secara signifikan (p<0,05) terhadap kualitas semen. Semakin tinggi bobot badan maka nilai volume dan motilitas meningkat kecuali konsentrasi semen yang sangat fluktuatif. Bobot badan berkorelasi secara signifikan (p<0,05) dengan volume (r=0,317) dan motilitas individu (r=0,229), tetapi tidak signifikan (p>0,05) terhadap konsentrasi semen (r=0,046). Hasil penelitian secara keseluruhan menunjukkan sapi dengan bobot badan tinggi memiliki nilai kualitas semen yang lebih baik.

Singosari National Artificial Insemination Center (SNAIC), East Java is one of the most important Government Institution which produces frozen semen from elite bulls and distributes it to overall Indonesia regions of the most part and to overseas of the other small part. The local elite bulls at SNAIC were originated and selected from the population based on the phenotypic characteristics and pedigrees. While the exotic breed was originated from the certified elite bulls from company in overseas. This paper was aimed to review the consistency of semen production of elite bulls over the years from 2012 to 2018. The semen production was controlled by the age of bulls. The semen volume was quite low from the age of 2 – 4 years old, increased from 5 – 8 years old, and reached maximum volume by 9 years old and forward. The individual motility of sperm was low in first phase of semen collection by age of 2 years and then reached stable motility from the age of 3 years old and forward. While the sperm concentration was stable normal and not affected the age of bulls, ranged from 1004 ± 289 to 1124 ± 306 (x106) sperm / ml. When the body weight was grouped as low, medium and high, the semen volume, sperm motility and sperm concentration per ml were significantly increased in all parameters. The semen could be collected continuously by months over year although the ejaculate volume and sperm motility were significant different three monthly might be due to the different climate and quality of consumed feed. The higher semen production was during the period of October – December and the lowest was from January to March. The semen production during the periods of April – June was similar to those from July – September. In conclusion, by excluding the feed and feeding factors, the semen production of elite bulls at Singosari National Insemination Center (SNAIC) were affected by age of bulls, body weight and months of semen collection.

Madura and Bali cattle are two of Indonesian indigenous breeds. One possible method to increase their productivity is through artificial insemination (AI) using frozen semen. This study conducted at the Singosari National Artificial Insemination Center, East Java, Indonesia, to evaluate the semen characteristics of different bull breeds ranging in age from 7 to 10 years and to provide useful recommendations regarding the efficacy of older cattle. A total of 2016 ejaculation data recorded from Indonesian indigenous cattle (Madura and Bali bulls) and Bos taurus bulls (Simmental) were used in this study to analyze semen volume, sperm motility, and sperm concentration. Results revealed differences in semen volume, sperm motility, and sperm concentration among bull breeds (p < 0.05). Simmental bulls have the highest semen volume (p < 0.05) compared with Bali and Madura bulls. Base on sperm motility, Bali bulls showed the highest average value (p < 0.05) compared with Simmental and Madura bulls. Sperm concentration was the highest (p < 0.05) among Bali bulls compared with Simmental and Madura bulls. Another important finding was that the average semen volume, sperm motility, and sperm concentration of older bulls fulfilled the standard criteria established for frozen semen processing. Therefore, it would be possible to improve the performance of these breeds through artificial insemination using frozen semen of Madura and Bali bulls, which can be more widely distributed to farmers to increase their herd productivity. This study also indicates that Indonesian indigenous bulls have superior semen characteristics than Simmental bulls.

Ongole Grade cattle is one of local cattle in Indonesia.This study was aimed to analyze the effect of bull age and season on semen quality of Ongole Grade cattles macroscopically (sperm motility, and sperm concentration) and microscopically (semen ejaculate volume) to support the policy and management on improvement of semen production. Data were collected from 533 ejaculates of 10 bulls aged 3, 4, and 5 yr at Singosari National Artificial Insemination Center(SNAIC). The 4-year-old bulls hadhighestsperm motiliy and semen ejaculate volume. The lowest ejaculate volume was reported in Ongole Gradecattlesaged 3 yr. Sperm motility and concentrationweresignificantly higher (P<0.01) in wet season than dry season. In conclusion, the bull age and season should be considered by Singosari National Artificial Insemination Centerwhen collecting the semen, especially on bulls aged 3 yr old and in dry season.

The aim of this research was to assess the effect of age and body weight on semen quality. The material used was secondary data of 50 Bali Bull from 2012 to 2018 which were grouped as follows. Age 2–4 years: body weight (BW) was low (260-408 kg), medium (409-557 kg) and high (558-706 kg). Age 5–7 years: BW was low (314-470 kg), medium (471-627 kg) and high (628-784 kg). Age 8-10 years: BW was low (481-580 kg), medium (581-680 kg) and high (681-780 kg). The method used in this research is a case study. The obtained data was analyzed by using Nested Completely Randomized Design. The results showed that the older the Bali bull, the volume and individual motility increased (p<0.05) but sperm concentration decreased (p<0.05). Age 2-4 years: BW significantly affected (p<0.05) the volume, sperm concentration and individual motility. Age 5-7 years: BW significantly affected (p<0.05) the volume and individual motility, but not significantly (p>0.05) sperm concentration. Age 8-10 years: BW significantly affected (p<0.05) the volume, sperm concentration and individual motility. The research concluded that the selection of Bali cattle to obtain good quality of semen production should consider the body weight. Keywords: Age, body weight, semen quality, semen production, Bali bull

Molecular information using gene variants could support livestock selection to improve livestock productivity. This study aimed to identify the variants in part of the MSTN gene (part of the third exoncoding region), a gene known for its significant effect on muscle growth. DNA was isolated from 95 Madura cattle blood samples collected in Pamekasan, Madura. PCR was used to amplify to MSTN region in part of the third exon, and one-way sequencing was conducted to obtain thesequence from the amplified product. Six SNPs were identified. Four SNPs were novel mutations, and the other two SNPs were recorded in the Ensembl database(rs466598800 and rs211583837). Among the identified novel mutations, one mutation in c.1301G/T caused a stop codon for the TT genotype cattle. However, no cattle carried the TT genotype. Three other mutations in c.1324, c.1373, and c.1399 were missense mutations that change the amino acidsQ311L, A318P, and L335B, respectively. Most of thecattle had heterozygote genotypes for all the identified SNPs. It could also be noted that there were sequence differences in the part of the third exon identified between Madura cattle and Zebu cattle (by Tantia et al., 2006).