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Microbial lipids have drawn increasing attention in recent years as promising raw materials for biodiesel and added-value compounds production. To this end, new oleaginous yeast, Candida viswanathii Y-E4 was isolated, characterized and used for single cell oil (SCO) production. Physiologic and nutritional parameters optimization was carried out for improved biomass and lipid production. Y-E4 strain was able to use a wide range of substrates, especially C5 and C6 sugars as well as glycerol and hydrophobic substrates. The fatty acid profile analysis showed that oleic acid was the main component produced using different substrates. Batch and fed-bath fermentation were conducted using glucose as carbon source. Lipid production rate is twice higher in fed-batch culture providing a lipid content of 50 % (w/w). To minimize the SCO production cost, C. viswanathii Y-E4 was evaluated for its capacity to use different agro-industrial by-products for microbial oil production and changes in the fatty acid profile were monitored.

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The objective of this research is to study the technical efficiency of Tunisian banks for the period 2000-2011 using DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) method. Our results suggest that this efficiency is valued at a score of 57.1%; the scores of pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency are respectively 64.7% and 86.9%. High bank capitalization positively affecting their technical efficiency; market share in terms of deposit of these banks negatively affects this efficiency. In addition, private banks are more efficient than their public counterparts.

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Introduction : L’ingression dentaire est depuis longtemps considérée comme l’un des mouvements les plus difficiles à réaliser en orthodontie. La principale difficulté rencontrée est, avec un traitement par mécaniques conventionnelles, la maîtrise d’ancrage, si délicate à assurer pour éviter des mouvements parasites presque certains. Les mini-vis émergent dans ce cadre comme un moyen d’ancrage très efficace, facilitant et simplifiant le mouvement d’ingression des dents, aussi bien antérieures que postérieures, sur le plan biomécanique, offrant à l’orthodontiste de nouvelles perspectives thérapeutiques. Objectif : L’objectif de notre travail est de décrire l’utilisation des mini-vis sur le plan clinique et biomécanique dans le cadre de l’ingression dentaire.