Penggunaan pestisida cukup tinggi dan berlebihan, disinyalir telah mencemari lahan bawang merah di Kabupaten Brebes. Dampak negatif penggunaan pestisida sudah dirasakan oleh petani, namun perilaku dan tata cara penggunaan pestisida belum banyak berubah. Sekolah lapang pengendalian hama terpadu telah dilaksanakan dan subsidi pestisida juga sudah dicabut, namun kenyataan di lapangan penggunaan pestisida terus meningkat. Residu pestisida yang terakumulasi di lahan pertanian diyakini sebagai penyebab menurunnya tingkat kesuburan tanah. Akibat dari penggunaan pestisida yang berlebih perlu dilakukan pengendalian pencemaran lingkungan sebagai wujud program keamanan pangan nasional. Sebelum dilakukan pengendalian perlu dilakukan identifikasi cemaran. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengidentifikasi cemaran profenofos yang yang ada di lahan bawang merah Kabupaten Brebes. Penelitian dilaksanakan di lapang dan laboratorium. Penelitian lapang dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Brebes Jawa Tengah dan analisa residu pestisida dilakukan di laboratorium terpadu Balai Penelitian Lingkungan Pertanian (Balingtan). Kegiatan ini berlangsung dari bulan Februari hingga April 2018. Metode yang dilakukan adalah metode survey dan wawancara petani dalam pengambilan sampel di lapang. Sampel tanah diambil dari 18 titik sampling yang berlokasi di 8 Kecamatan di Kabupaten Brebes. Dalam 1 titik sampel diambil secara komposit dari 5 titik sampling. Sampel tanah dilahan bawang merah yang diperoleh dari lapangan masing-masing diuji residu insektisida profenofos menggunakan metode Quecher. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 18 titik sampel tanah yang diambil, terdeteksi cemaran insektisida profenofos sebanyak 17 sampel (94,44%) dengan konsentrasi <LOD – 0,510 ppm dengan BMR 0,30 ppm.
Chlorpyrifos is a broad-spectrum insecticide and is widely used to Organism Pests Management (OPM). The remediation technology for polluted land is needed to reduce the risk of continuous impacts. The research aimed to reduce chlorpyrifos insecticide residues in shallot agriculture through remediation technology. The research was carried out in Naru Village, Sape Sub-District, Bima Regency (NTB) in June-August 2018. The experiment was designed in a randomized block design (RBD), three replications, and six treatments: (T1) farmers method, (T2) urea fertilizer-coated biochar, (T3) urea fertilizer-coated biochar enriched with consortia microbes, (T4) consortium microbes 2 L ha−1, (T5) urea fertilizer-coated nano biochar, and (T6) urea fertilizer-coated nano biochar enriched with consortia microbes. Remediation agents containing carbon, such as biochar and manure and some microbes can help accelerate the degradation of insecticides in the environment. Decreased chlorpyrifos residue from highest to low, respectively: urea fertilizer coated nano biochar>urea fertilizer coated nano biochar with enriched consortium microbes>urea fertilizer coated biochar>urea fertilizer coated biochar with enriched consortium microbes>consortium microbes 2 L ha−1. Treatment of urea fertilizer coated nano biochar and urea fertilizer coated nano biochar with enriched consortium microbes can be applied as a chlorpyrifos remediation technology in the shallot agriculture in silt texture soils.
Organophosphates are a group of chemicals that are still allowed to be used in Indonesia and much preferred by most farmers. Excessive usage of organophosphate is expected to contaminate the soil, water, plants, the environment and humans. This research was aimed to create the geospatial models of organophosphate insecticide residues which consist of Chlorpyrifos, Diazinon and Profenofos on farms of shallots production centers. The research was performed in the field of shallots production agriculture in Wanasari sub-district, Brebes Regency in March-June 2020. The extraction of multiresidue pesticides method used was the QuECheRS and the measurement of residues used the 2014 GC Shimadzu with Electron Capture Detector (ECD) which was carried out in the IAERI Laboratory. Meanwhile, the geospatial modeling of organophosphate insecticide residues was done by using the Spline Interpolation method in ArcGIS 10.4, which was carried out in Diponegoro University's CoREM laboratory. The analysis of soil samples taken from 44 sampling points showed that the Organophosphate insecticide Chlorpyrifos was at the level of <LoD-0.0949 mg/kg, Diazinon found at the level of <LoD-28.1732 mg/kg, and Profenofos was at the level of <LoD-0,0919 mg/kg.
The high and excessive use of pesticides is reported to have contamination shallot agriculture in Nganjuk Regency, East Java Province, Indonesia. Information on the presence of organochlorine residues needs to be carried out in the context of controlling environmental contamination as a form of implementing a national food security and security program. The purpose of this study was to identify organochlorine residues in shallot land in Nganjuk Regency. Soil samples from the field were taken in March 2020. Soil samples were taken at random diagonally on a stretch of shallot agriculture. Each overlay represents a sampling point. Organochlorine residue analysis was carried out at the Integrated Laboratory, Indonesian Agricultural Environment Research Institute (IAERI) using the QuECheRS method. The results showed that the residual of the organochlorine active ingredient of Endosulfan reaches 0.1066 to 0.1646 mg kg−1, Dieldrin reaches 0.181 mg kg−1 and Endrin reaches 0.2249 mg kg−1. These residual numbers have exceeded the MRLs requirements approximately 0.0085 mg kg−1 (Endosulfan), 0.00290 mg kg−1 (Dieldrin) and 0.0075 mg kg−1 (Endrin). These results showed that pollute agricultural land need to get priority on land remediation for sustainable agriculture.
Rice is a strategic commodity, economic, and even political. Rice, as an economic commodity, can be seen from its ability to move the economy through the growth of fertilizer companies (organic and inorganic), seeds, pesticides, and agricultural tools and machinery. The research was carried out in the form of a demonstration in upland in Sidomukti Village, Jaken Subdistrict, Pati Regency, Central Java Province. The study was conducted in the dry season (DS) in 2018, using Ciherang rice varieties with Walik Jerami season in upland. The research consisted of 3 treatments, which were Introductory Technology 1 (T1) in the form of urea coated biochar (UCB), Introductory Technology 2 (T2) in the form of biocompost with balanced fertilization and farmer’s technique (T0). This results in rice ecosystems by means of farmers’ assistance produced higher fluxes than UCB and biocompost settings. Cumulative CH4 flux in the highest plot of farmer’s technique compared to UCB and biocompost, farmer’s technique produced 1,765.32 mgCH4m−2, biocompost produced 692.04 mgCH4m−2 while the UCB produced 471.67 mgCH4m−2 at the end of observation. Rice ecosystem with UCB produced N2O flux higher than biocompost and farmer’s technique. And treatment UCB emitted CH4 226.13 kg ha-1season-1, GWP 5.42 tCO2e ha-1season-1, and has the lowest emission index value compared to the other treatments is 1.45.
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