The digital transformation of the economy and society prompts the renewal of methods in occupational health as well. There are outlined fundamentals of the draft revision of the “Guidelines for the Assessment of Occupational Risk to Employee Health. Organizational and methodological foundations, principles and criteria for the assessment». R 2.2.1766-03. The draft contains methods of occupational risk (OR) assessment supplied with information materials and software for working on the Internet in real-time. Algorithms and models for calculating the probability of impairment of health according to data of the Special Assessment of Working Conditions (SAWC) as well as causation algorithms - work-relatedness assessment according to data of periodic medical examinations (PME) for the validity of risk assessment from the standpoint of evidence-based medicine are presented. There are set out methods for calculating the probability of the formation of occupational diseases (OD) of the main nosological forms from the exposure of noise, hand-arm and whole-body vibration, heat and cool microclimate, fibrogenic dusts, physical labor (local, regional and general loads), strenuous work, standing work with the likelihood of varicose lower veins limbs, multi-factor exposure and low-back pain. Risk assessments for the reproductive health of workers are also discussed. The models are based on the documents of the WHO, ILO, ISO, domestic and foreign literature data that meet the principles of evidence-based medicine. The problems of work-related diseases (WRD) - the concept of WHO (1987) -basics of etiology, qualitative and quantitative criteria for causation, models of consensus and evidence-based medicine, as well as projects for integrated work on the detection systems for WRD in the European Union countries are considered. Single-digit indices of working conditions and health problems, moral harm caused to an employee suffering from OD or WRD. Hygienic recommendations to employers on OR management, prevention priorities, the role of personal protection equipment, the basics of corporate health promotion programs, and ethical and economic aspects are described. The calculation methods are provided by the software of the electronic online reference book “Occupational Risk” (URL: http://medtrud.com/) in order to ensure evidence-based decisions of hygienists. In conclusion, a turning point in occupational health is noted: a decrease in the detection of traditional ODs without compensation by the number of OD and WRD from new technologies, materials and risk factors; this problem requires urgent action.
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a program to increase physical activity using fitness trackers. Surveyed 36 employees and 2 formed a comparison group by gender. The average age of men was 35 ± 4,5 years, women 35 ± 4,7 years. Program participants have completed health screening: tests for cholesterol, glucose, body mass index (BMI), level of physical activity using fitness tracker Jawbone and questionnaire the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). At the time of passing of the program it was noted the change of screening indicators revealed a trend to a slight increase in physical activity. According to the test results
The purpose of this project was to develop, pilot, assess, and describe a new interdisciplinary, game-based phone application. The application is intended to help health care students better communicate medication and medical terminology to their patients and to other health care providers and insurance companies. This IRB-approved project called "PharmPhrase" was developed using an application-development software program. The pilot involved multiple groups of competing teams composed of volunteer pharmacy students in their fi rst professional years who were randomly assigned into teams of three to fi ve. The PharmPhrase user explains a randomly generated medical term to team members based on assumptions of medical literacy within the team. If team members do not understand or identify the term, the user must rephrase their explanation in order to win the play. Teams rotate and play until time is up. The application is intended to be an active learning teaching tool to help move students' conceptual knowledge to application in order to better serve the public. Pilot results with pharmacy students demonstrated increased perception of knowledge and an increased ability to adapt communication style to their patients' needs.
Background: Inappropriate antibiotic prescribing upon hospital discharge has been identified as a significant problem. Despite high rates of antibiotic prescription errors, there is no widely accepted antimicrobial stewardship initiative to prevent such errors. Aim: The primary objective of this study was to determine the impact of hospital-based clinical pharmacist discharge prescription review on the appropriateness of antibiotic prescriptions. Method: This was an observational study comparing the appropriateness of hospital discharge antibiotic prescriptions between two similar internal medicine services. One cohort of patients were admitted to a Medicine service where rounding clinical pharmacists perform routine antibiotic discharge assessment, and the comparator cohort were admitted to a Hospitalist service without routine pharmacist discharge antibiotic review.Results: Our study included 150 cases per cohort. Baseline characteristics were similar between groups, with the exception of increased age (p=0.025) and fewer cases of ABSSSI (p=0.001) in the Hospitalist cohort. Antibiotic appropriateness was considerably greater in the Medicine (pharmacist) group versus Hospitalist group [(83% versus 54%, respectively (p<0.00001)]. Difference in appropriateness was mainly driven by pneumonia and UTI prescriptions. Conclusions: Appropriateness of antibiotic prescriptions significantly improved in the setting of pharmacist discharge review. This initiative highlights the important role of clinical pharmacists in outpatient antimicrobial stewardship.
Background The Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE) requires students to demonstrate competence in interprofessional education. In 2018, an “interdisciplinary” active learning infectious disease (ID) elective course was created for pharmacy students in the fall semester of the third professional year. Through the use of real-time patient cases and acting healthcare professionals, students are able to have multiple interdisciplinary experiences without leaving the classroom. The objectives of this course are to improve both content knowledge and levels of confidence in making recommendations to healthcare providers. The purpose of this study was to assess those objectives. Methods The course meets once weekly for 3 hours. Maximum enrollment is 35 students. All activities are performed in groups of 3-5 students and each group is assigned a case on day 1. Cases are intentionally developed to give each group a nominal amount of information, similar to a real world experience where there is minimal patient data available on day 1 of a hospital admission. Students are given the phone numbers to the microbiology lab and attending physician. The attending physicians are represented by ID pharmacists across the country who have volunteered to serve in the roles. Students are to call the physicians/lab daily for updates and to make pharmacotherapy recommendations as the patient progresses through their hospital stay. The case is complete when a full care plan is accepted by the physician. Student groups then give a formal case presentation to their classmates. Students voluntarily take a pre- and post-survey at the beginning and end of the course to assess ID content knowledge and rate their perceived level of confidence in making recommendations to a physician. This study was IRB approved. Results Survey completion rate was 100%. There was a statistically significant increase in students’ confidence levels in making real-time recommendations to providers after completing the course (P< 0.001). A significant increase was also seen in ID content knowledge (P< 0.0001). Conclusion After taking an interdisciplinary ID elective course, pharmacy students’ ID content knowledge improved and they felt more confident in making therapy recommendations to physicians. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures
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