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Recibido 08 de febrero de 2013 • Corregido 10 de marzo de 2013 • Aceptado 13 de marzo de 2013El propósito de este artículo es comprender cómo las creencias del personal docente de Educación Física (EF) acerca de la obesidad de niños y niñas en edad escolar, favorecen u obstaculizan la prevención de esta condición. Para tal fin se empleó el método etnográfico en una escuela urbana pública. Las técnicas de recolección de datos fueron: observación participante, entrevistas a profundidad, grupos focales y análisis documental. Estas permitieron recoger datos abundantes y ricos de significados, que al ser triangulados por fuentes le dieron validez a los resultados de la investigación. Hallazgos informan sobre la actividad física limitada al ámbito áulico, la obesidad como condición que dificulta la participación de los niños y niñas en EF, la exclusión de niños con obesidad en la práctica de esta asignatura, el privilegio que da la docente a los estudiantes con menos dificultad en la actividad física y su desatención a los que requieren más apoyo, y cómo sus estudiantes modelan sus creencias.

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The poultry-breeding industry worldwide has focused on the development of hybrids for meat or egg production. In Costa Rica, there is a popular belief that commercial broilers have a high growth rate because they are raised with steroid hormones. This study was conducted to assess BW, nutritional state, and serum concentrations of some steroid hormones in a representative sample of 600 male and female Cobb 500 broilers from commercial farms and to compare them with a control group of 38 Cobb 500 broilers of both sexes reared in an experimental station. Control birds were weighed weekly during the 40-d experiment. Feed for the control group was prepared by personnel at the Investigation Center in Animal Nutrition of the University of Costa Rica and was supplied ad libitum. Commercial birds were blood sampled, weighed, and slaughtered at 40 d of age. All biochemical analyses were performed at the Faculty of Microbiology or the Hematological Investigation Center and Related Sicknesses of the University of Costa Rica. Compared with commercial birds, control birds had lower mean BW (2,004 ± 168 vs. 2,127 ± 260 g; P = 0.004) and higher serum concentrations of total cholesterol (3.72 ± 1.01 vs. 3.12 ± 0.49 mmol/L; P < 0.001). No significant differences were observed in mean serum concentrations of triglycerides and steroid hormones between the control and experimental groups. We conclude that the high BW and growth rate reached by these broilers in approximately 6 wk was not due to circulating steroid hormone levels.

The prevalence of mild serum vitamin B(12) deficiency in young Costa Rican subjects is as high as in other Latin American countries. More investigation should be done to elucidate the etiological factors that are generating deficient and marginal serum cobalamin levels in Costa Rican adults in order to define appropriate public health actions.

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