RESUMO Objetivo Analisar conteúdo e aparência do Protocolo de Acompanhamento Fonoaudiológico – Aleitamento Materno e elaborar um guia instrucional para o instrumento. Métodos Estudo do tipo exploratório, de natureza quantitativa. Participaram cinco avaliadores especialistas, com ampla experiência em atuação fonoaudiológica relacionada à Neonatologia, que analisaram conteúdo e aparência do protocolo, que abordam aspectos maternos, neonatais e da díade mãe/recém-nascido, além de orientações gerais e específicas da Fonoaudiologia, relacionadas à amamentação, A análise estatística foi realizada por meio do Índice de Validade de Conteúdo, com nível de concordância de 70%. Na segunda rodada, o instrumento foi analisado pelos mesmos especialistas, por meio da escala de Likert, com cinco posições (concordo plenamente, concordo, indiferente, discordo e discordo totalmente). Resultados Foram 15 itens acrescentados, sete modificados, cinco excluídos e um tópico adicionado. Obteve-se alto nível de concordância, sendo as respostas distribuídas em “concordo” e “concordo plenamente” (92% - conteúdo e 100% - aparência). A descrição do guia instrucional foi realizada a partir da versão analisada do protocolo. Conclusão A análise do conteúdo e aparência do protocolo, bem como a elaboração do seu guia instrucional, pretendem possibilitar sua utilização de modo consistente e sistemático no campo fonoaudiológico relacionado ao aleitamento materno, abordando tanto o registro da avaliação, como do acompanhamento da díade mãe/recém-nascido, na situação de amamentação. Ressalta-se a importância de serem realizadas as próximas etapas da validação do protocolo.

ObjectiveThis study aimed to analyse the clinical and epidemiological indicators, temporal trends and the spatial distribution of leprosy in patients under 15 years old in an endemic area of Northeast Brazil.DesignRegional surveillance study of all reported cases.SettingState of Sergipe, endemic area of Northeast Brazil.MethodsAn ecological and time series study was conducted, based on secondary data reported by the Brazilian Information System on Notifiable Diseases for leprosy cases diagnosed in Sergipe state (2002–2015). The analysis of temporal trends was performed using the Joinpoint Regression Programme through Poisson regression. We performed spatial analysis by Kernel estimator and Moran index.ResultsThe incidence rate was reduced from 6.29 to 3.78 cases per 100 000 inhabitants in 2002 and 2015, respectively. However, Sergipe was still classified as highly endemicity in 2015. The mean number of household contacts (HHC) examined was significantly lower than those registered. Clinical data indicated that 21.4% of the patients developed leprosy reactions, and 31.3% presented with some physical disability in the multibacillary groups. Patients diagnosed by examination within the HHC presented better indicators, such as lower percentage of leprosy reaction and physical disability. Spatial analysis showed the most risk areas distributed on the northeast and cities around the capital, Aracaju.ConclusionThe data indicate that there is a persistence of activeMyobacterium lepraetransmission and a delay in disease detection, following a pattern of high endemicity in many municipalities. The early detection by HHC examination is important to stop transmission and also to detect the cases in a less severe state.

BackgroundThere is a scarcity of knowledge as to whether rates of myocardial reperfusion use and 30‐day mortality for patients with ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction are similar among patients using the Brazilian Public Health System (SUS) and those using the private healthcare system.Methods and ResultsA total of 707 patients were analyzed using the VICTIM (Via Crucis for the Treatment of Myocardial Infarction) register database; 589 patients from the SUS and 118 from the private network with ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction, who attended hospitals with the capacity to perform primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were investigated. The timeline, rates of use of PCI, and the 30‐day probability of death were investigated, comparing the SUS patients to those in the private system. The mean time between symptom onset and arrival at the PCI hospital was higher for SUS patients compared with users of the private system (25.4±36.5 versus 9.0±21 hours; P<0.001, respectively). Rates of primary PCI were low in both groups, but significantly lower for the SUS patients (45% versus 78%; P<0.001). The 30‐day mortality rate of SUS patients was 11.9% and of private patients was 5.9% (P=0.04). In the fully adjusted model, the odds ratio for 30‐day mortality for the SUS patients was higher (odds ratio, 2.96; 95% CI, 1.15–7.61; P=0.02).ConclusionsThe delay in reaching a PCI hospital was almost 3 times higher for the SUS patients. Primary PCI was underused in both groups, especially in the SUS patients. The SUS patients were more likely to die during the 30‐day follow‐up.

Introduction: Speech therapy has assumed an important role with breastfeeding. Purpose: To verify the breastfeeding situation, considering aspects of the mother-newborn dyad, according to newborn's lifetime through speech-language intervention. Methods: Study conducted from May 2015 to September 2016, with 166 mothernewborn dyads during the breastfeeding situation, in a high-risk public maternity hospital in the state of Sergipe. A specific protocol was used registering anatomical aspects of nipples and breasts, newborn's behavioral status, newborn suckling and breast-latch pattern and dyads posture to describe the breastfeeding situation at different times: Moment 1 (Baseline); Moment 2 (Speech-Language Intervention); Moment 3 (Accompaniment). The results were described using simple and percentage frequencies, Mantel-Haenzsel Test (M-H) and the Likelihood Ratio Test (LRT), adopting significance level of 5%. Results: Regarding the effect of the speech-language intervention, there was a significant difference in the maternal parameters for the breasts situation (regorgement); While in the parameters involving the newborns there were significant differences, with improvement in breast-latch patterns aspects such as: do not only pick up the beak, snatch part of the areola, breast-latcheffectively and manage to keep breast-latchpattern. Regarding the dyad postural aspects, there were significant differences regarding newborn's raised andaligned head and body contact (bellyto-belly). Conclusion: Speech-language intervention with the mothernewborn dyads in the first hours after delivery showed an improvement in the parameters considered fundamental on a successful breastfeeding glimpsing a health education practice among the puerperal women.

Objective:to construct and validate the contents of the Self-care Assessment instrument for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Method:methodological study, based on Orem's General Theory of Nursing. The empirical categories and the items of the instrument were elucidated through a focus group. The content validation process was performed by seven specialists and the semantic analysis by 14 patients. The Content Validity Indices of the items, ≥0.78, and of the scale, ≥0.90, were considered excellent. Results:the instrument contains 131 items in six dimensions corresponding to the health deviation self-care requisites. Regarding the maintenance, a Content Validity Index of 0.98 was obtained for the full set of items, and, regarding the relevance, Content Validity Indices ≥0.80 were obtained for the majority of the assessed psychometric criteria. Conclusion:the instrument showed evidence of content validity.

BackgroundHelicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection affects about 50% of the world population and its association with environmental factors and host properties is involved in gastric carcinogenesis. The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of H. pylori in samples of gastric mucosa biopsies, correlate the presence of the bacteria in the sample with the variables age, sex and origin, to identify the types of lesions found in patients with H. pylori, and to evaluate the association of the lesions with the region of the gastric mucosa.MethodsA cross-sectional, retrospective study was carried out in Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil, from January 2013 to December 2015. A total of 45,206 gastric mucosal biopsies were obtained from patients submitted to upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Of the reports evaluated, 12,909 met the inclusion criteria since they presented the patient’s demographic data as well as the histopathological characteristics of gastric mucosal regions and positivity for H. pylori. Data were analyzed by IBM SPSS Statistic 20 and subjected to descriptive analyses (categorical variables) and inferential (Pearson’s Qui-square and linear association tests) and multiple correspondence analyses. Significance level adopted 5%.ResultsOf the total of 12,909 (28.6%) reports evaluated, 67% (8,647) came from urban areas and 64.5% (8,320) were female. The mean age (standard deviation (SD)) was 43 years, ranging from 8 to 100 years, prevailing between 21 and 60 years. Among the types of gastric mucosa analyzed, 95.5% (12,322) were of the antral mucosa. The absence of glandular atrophy, the mild infection intensity for H. pylori, the absence of metaplasia, the presence of foveolar hyperplasia and lymphoid follicles were statistically significant (P < 0.001) in this region. In the fundic region, the evidence of fibrinoleucocytic crust and lymphoid follicles was significant (P < 0.001). There was no evidence of associated ulcerated lesions or significant relationship with intestinal metaplasia in the antral mucosa, whereas the fundic mucosa had a strong association with lymphoid follicles. The prevalence of active H. pylori infection in this study was 30.93%.ConclusionDetection rate of H. pylori and its association with acute and chronic inflammation should be taken into account. The antral region has shown higher incidence and the presence of H. pylori was strongly associated with foveolar hyperplasia and lymphoid follicles.

Resumo Introdução A morbidade materna grave é cada vez mais conhecida como um indicador útil de segurança e de qualidade do cuidado materno e pode afetar a saúde mental da mãe. Objetivo Avaliar a relação entre a morbidade materna grave (near miss) e os sintomas da depressão pós-parto. Método Estudo descritivo de coorte prospectivo. A amostra foi constituída por 549 mulheres puérperas em duas maternidades públicas do Estado de Sergipe. Foi aplicada a Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) para identificar os sintomas de depressão no pós-natal. Para a análise estatística, aplicaram-se os testes do Qui-quadrado, de U-Mann-Whitney e o coeficiente de correlação de postos de Spearman, e considerou-se o nível de significância de α ≤ 0,05%. Resultados 156 (56%) das mães expostas à MMG/NM e 45 (17%) das não expostas revelaram forte associação com depressão pós-parto e maior chance (ORC: 24,0; IC95%: 7,23-79,7) de desenvolvê-la. Conclusão A MMG/NM tem impacto negativo na saúde mental da mulher e eleva a sua vulnerabilidade para a doença mental. É fundamental para a qualidade da assistência materno-infantil a implantação de políticas públicas que assegurem prevenção e estratégias de enfrentamento.

Fundamento: A reperfusão miocárdica é parte fundamental do tratamento para infarto agudo do miocárdio com supradesnivelamento de ST (IAMCSST) e é responsável por reduzir morbimortalidade no paciente acometido. No entanto, as taxas de reperfusão são geralmente mais baixas e as taxas de mortalidade mais altas em mulheres que em homens. Objetivos: Avaliar a prevalência do uso de terapias de reperfusão em mulheres e homens com IAMCSST nos hospitais com capacidade para realizar intervenção coronariana percutânea (ICP) no estado de Sergipe. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo transversal que utilizou dados do Registro VICTIM. Foram avaliados pacientes com diagnóstico de IAMCSST admitidos nos quatro hospitais com capacidade para realizar ICP no estado de Sergipe, sendo um público e três privados, no período de dezembro de 2014 a junho de 2018. Foi aplicada análise multivariada com modelo ajustado utilizando mortalidade como variável dependente. Em todas as análises, o nível de significância adotado foi de 5% (p<0,05). Resultados: Foram incluídos 878 voluntários com diagnóstico confirmado de IAMCSST, dos quais 33,4% eram mulheres. Apenas 53,3% dos pacientes foram submetidos à reperfusão miocárdica (134 mulheres versus 334 homens). A fibrinólise foi realizada somente em 2,3% de todos os pacientes (1,7% das mulheres versus 2,6% dos homens; p=0,422). Nas mulheres, a taxa de ICP primária foi menor (44% versus 54,5%; p=0,003) e a mortalidade hospitalar foi maior (16,1% versus 6,7%; p<0,001) que nos homens.Conclusões: As mulheres apresentam taxas significativamente menores de ICP primária e significativamente maiores de mortalidade hospitalar que os homens. A taxa de reperfusão em ambos os gêneros foi baixa e houve nítida subutilização de agentes trombolíticos.