The article contains the results of a study of the effectiveness of forensic medical determination of the prescription of death by the method of differential Müller-matrix polarization-phase tomography, which is implemented by multichannel probing of rhizopolarization with laser beams of histological sections of the brain, myocardium, adrenal glands, liver and blood of the deceased and multichannel polarization filtration series images with algorithmic reproduction (reconstruction) of coordinate distributions (tomograms) of the average linear birefringence (LD) of polycrystalline networks. Aim of the work. Efficiency study by the method of differential Müller-matrix polarization-phase tomography for determining the duration of death. Materials and methods. The object of the study was the histology of samples of human internal organs (brain, myocardium, adrenal glands, and liver) with different duration of damage from 6 hours to 48 hours (we used BT samples from those who died from alcohol poisoning and carbon monoxide poisoning). For control, we used BT samples from those who died from ischemic heart disease with different duration of damage from 6 hours to 48 hours. The studies were carried out using the method of differential Muller-matrix polarization-phase tomography. Results. The range of linear change in the magnitude of the higher-order statistical moments, and accordingly the analytical determination of the DNS, lies in the range from 20 hours to 48 hours. The accuracy of determining the DNS is also significantly improved and amounts to 0.5 hours. Conclusion. The high efficiency of Muller matrix algorithmic reproduction of maps of average values of birefringence of the optically anisotropic component of biological preparations of the deceased was revealed.
Purpose of the study. This work is aimed at research and substantiation of information possibilities of objective method of polarization mapping of microscopic images of histological sections of human biological tissues for the establishment and differentiation of С2Н5ОН and CO poisoning. Materisls and methods. Native histological sections of the brain, myocardium and adrenal glands from ethanol poisoning (n = 30) and CO (n = 20) were investigated using a laser polarimeter of standard scheme. Subsequently, statistical processing of the obtained results was conducted. Results. Statistical moments of 1–4th order were determined by the method of polarization mapping of microscopic images of histological sections of human biological tissues. The values of the statistical moments of the 1–4th order for brain tissue for С2Н5ОН and CO poisoning reach differences by 2–2,5 times, for myocardial tissue – 2,2–2,9 times, the adrenal glands – 1,4–1,8 times. Accordingly, the statistical moments of the 3rd and 4th order are more sensitive to the detection and differentiation of poisons, whereby the accuracy of the method of differential diagnosis of poisoning С2Н5ОН and CO reaches an adequate level (~ 90%) in the study of histological sections of the myocardium and brain. Conclusion. The obtained results show that the method of polarization mapping of microscopic images of human biological tissues gives an objective possibility of reliable establishment and differentiation of С2Н5ОН and СО poisoning. Keywords: laser polarimetry, poisoning, ethanol, carbon monoxide, forensic medicine.
Due to the high prevalence of death on the base of alcoholic intoxication of varying degrees, it is expedient to analyze the possibility of the influence of alcohol on the change in the structure of the polycrystalline films of the cerebrospinal fluid, and accordingly on the accuracy of the diagnosis of the time since death by the method of autofluorescent laser polarimetry.The purpose of the work. To study the possible influence of alcohol and to develop objective forensic criteria for diagnosing its effects on the basis of analysis of changes in the polycrystalline structure of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) films.Materials and methods. Object of research: native films of CSF, selected in 80 corpses, in the quantity of 155 samples -1 group; CSF from 30 healthy volunteers (group 0) -30 samples; CSF films obtained in the deceased with the presence of ethyl alcohol in the blood, 30 samples -group 2. The methods of gas-liquid chromatography, laser-induced fluorescence and statistical processing of the results were used.Results. The efficiency of using the methods of laser autofluorescence of polycrystalline films of the cerebrospinal fluid for the diagnosis of the time since death was proved. A statistically significant difference between cases of death from cardiovascular pathology with the presence and absence of ethyl alcohol in the organism was established by determining the magnitude of the statistical moment of the 4th order, which characterizes distribution of azimuth polarization values of microscopic images of laser-induced fluorescence. On this basis, an excellent balanced accuracy of the differentiation of the presence of ethyl alcohol in the human body (Ac (M4) = 94%) was achieved. Conclusion.Ethyl alcohol affects the structure of the polycrystalline films of the cerebrospinal fluid, which must be taken into account when estimating the time since death by autofluorescence laser polarimetric methods.
Резюме. В статье предложена возможность использования 3D моделирования внешне-опознавательных параметров неизв естного лица с использованием дерматоглифических параметров средних и проксимальных фаланг пальцев рук. Описаны перспективы применения инновационных технологий, а именно: 3D-моделирования и искусственного нейросетево-го прогнозирования антропометрических и антропоскопических параметров в разрезе современной проблематики судебно-медицинской идентификации неизвестного лица.Ключевые слова. Дерматоглифические параметры, 3D-моделирование, искусственная нейронная сеть.
The article analyzes deaths from mechanical asphyxia as a result of drowning in Ivano-Frankivsk region during the last five years on the basis of materials from the Ivano-Frankivsk Regional Bureau of Forensic Medical Examination. It was found that among all the causes of death, mechanical asphyxia set 19.1% (1502 cases), and mechanical asphyxia as a result of drowning set 23.6% (354 cases) of all types of mechanical asphyxia. The risk factor for mortality in mechanical asphyxia as a result of drowning is male sex. The possibility of dying due to mechanical asphyxia as a result of drowning in men is 5 times higher than that of women. The increase in the number of drowning cases is related to the age of the person. The older person is, the risk of dying due to mechanical asphyxia as a result of drowning is greater.
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