Every radio frequency (RF) design, after its implantation, should be regularly evaluated. The kernel of this article is to evaluate the performance of four GSM networks, taking its received signal quality (RxQual) into consideration. A total of 10501, 10140, 10415 and 10690 RxQual measurements were obtained for MTN, 9mobile, Airtel and Globacom network. These generated data were subjected to statistical analysis in the form of bar charts, quality plots and calculations of measures of central tendency and dispersion. Result shows that 78.43%, 92.18%, 90.68% and 86.93% of the drive test route for MTN, 9mobile, Airtel and Globacom network had good signal quality and met with the Nigerian telecommunication regulatory benchmark of at least 4dB for RxQual. It is therefore deduced that in terms of RxQual, 9mobile was the best GSM network, followed by Airtel network, Globacom network and then MTN network. The result provided in this article will help mobile network operators to improve signal quality, ensure improved network coverage and increase network capacity in the future.
Africa and Nigeria in particular are blessed with abundance of sunshine throughout the year. Unfortunately, the region is associated with high temperature values which is a major factor militating against the efficiency of photovoltaic systems in use today. Since for each degree rise in temperature, about 0.50% efficiency is lost, then this implies that once a photovoltaic panel enters the Nigeria atmosphere about 5%-10% of its maximum power is lost. To tackle this problem, a cooling mechanism has to be incorporated into photovoltaic system design for adequate cooling and temperature monitoring. A smart automatic cooling mechanism and a smart photovoltaic MPPT tester were deployed in the study. In situ measurements were obtained in outdoor real-time conditions. The results reveal better performances for voltage, current, power and efficiency for the photovoltaic module whose temperatures was regulated not to exceed the threshold temperature of 350C. This study shows and suggest that lowering the panel temperature of photovoltaics through the application of cooling mechanism should be considered in the design of photovoltaic systems.
The objectives of this study are to understudy the effects of temperature and relative humidity on low-band VHF signals, obtain a propagation model for signal transmission over Calabar and to ascertain the suitability of the free space propagation model for the study terrain. Results obtained shows that temperature and relative humidity has no effect on low-band VHF signals. The suitability of the free space propagation model for the study terrain failed, as calculated results underestimated path losses in the study area. Multiple regression analysis was used to obtain a suitable propagation model for the study terrain. However, since the studied meteorological variables has no effect on low-band VHF signals in the study area, the measured path losses could be attributed to foliage, hills, distance away from the transmitter and other components of the study terrain in which the signal is propagated.
This research involves the assessment of noise levels in pubs operating in Calabar, Nigeria, to investigate their compliance with the permissible noise level recommended by the National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency (NESREA), Nigeria. A Bam and Kom (BK) Precision 732 digital sound level meter placed on a tripod was used for the measurement of noise levels for three consecutive months, from 6:00pm to 10:00pm. The measured data were subjected to descriptive statistics using excel spreadsheet and the results were presented in the forms of graphs, bar chart and in tabular form. Average equivalent noise level obtained for pubs A, B, C, D and E were 86.5dB, 75.7dB, 75.9dB, 90.0dB and 81.9dB, respectively. Results show that all the pubs under study were in excess of the permissible noise level recommended by NESREA.
This research involves the assessment of noise levels in pubs operating in Calabar, Nigeria, to investigate their compliance with the permissible noise level recommended by the National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency (NESREA), Nigeria. A Bam and Kom (BK) Precision 732 digital sound level meter placed on a tripod was used for the measurement of noise levels for three consecutive months, from 6:00pm to 10:00pm. The measured data were subjected to descriptive statistics using excel spreadsheet and the results were presented in the forms of graphs, bar chart and in tabular form. Average equivalent noise level obtained for pubs A, B, C, D and E were 86.5dB, 75.7dB, 75.9dB, 90.0dB and 81.9dB, respectively. Results show that all the pubs under study were in excess of the permissible noise level recommended by NESREA.
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