Inspired by the use of fatty acids in development of low temperature latent heat storage materials, novel low viscous and hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (DESs) based exclusively on fatty acids are herein proposed as sustainable solvents. Three DESs were prepared by exclusively combining fatty acids, namely octanoic acid (C 8 ), nonanoic acid (C 9 ), decanoic acid (C 10 ), and dodecanoic acid (C 12 ), which can simultaneously act as hydrogen bond donors and acceptors. The obtained fatty acid-based DESs were analyzed in order to check their structures, purities, and proportions. Water stability was also carefully evaluated through 1 H NMR. Fatty-acid DESs melting point diagrams were determined by visual observation. Good agreement was obtained between the experimental eutectic point and that predicted by considering an ideal system of two individually melting compounds. Important solvent thermophysical properties, such as density and viscosity of the dried and water-saturated DESs, were measured. Finally, the removal of bisphenol A, a persistent micropollutant present in aqueous environments illustrates the potential of binary and ternary fatty acid-based DESs as extraction solvents. All prepared DESs showed good ability to extract bisphenol A from water with extraction efficiencies up to 92%.

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An analytical approach to predict copolymer compositions is presented for the particular case that the reactivity of one monomer (B) alters under the influence of one measurable medium parameter. Terpolymerization mathematical treatment was applied to binary systems (A/B), which turn into ternary systems (M 1, M2, M3) in a defined range between two extremes of the medium parameter. The approach needs as input data a relationship describing the coexistence of two derivatives (M2, M3) of B as a function of the influencing parameter, knowledge of homopolymerization kinetic data of B, and reactivity ratios, rA and rB, only at the extremes of the variable medium parameter. As a case study, the copolymerization of acrylamide/acrylic acid mixtures in aqueous medium was selected with the pH as variable parameter. Good agreement of predicted and experimental data was proved. The approach provides a useful tool to significantly decrease the number of polymerization experiments needed to identify the effect of medium parameters on the polymerization kinetics. The principle of the approach is proposed to treat any set of two monomers if one alters the characteristics under the influence of any measurable medium parameter.

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide and 90% of coronary interventions consists in stenting procedures. Most of the implanted stents are made of AISI 316L stainless steel (SS). Excellent mechanical properties, biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, workability and statistically demonstrated medical efficiency are the reasons for the preference of 316L SS over any other material for stent manufacture. However, patients receiving 316L SS bare stents are reported with 15–20% of restenosis probability. The decrease of the restenosis probability is the driving force for a number of strategies for surface conditioning of 316L SS stents. This review reports the latest advances in coating, passivation and the generation of controlled topographies as strategies for increasing the corrosion resistance and reducing the ion release and restenosis probability on 316L SS stents. Undoubtedly, the future of technique is related to the elimination of interfaces with abrupt change of properties, the elimination of molecules and any other phase somehow linked to the metal substrate. And leaving the physical, chemical and topographical smart modification of the outer part of the 316L SS stent for enhancing the biocompatiblization with endothelial tissues.

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