Background
The aim of this study was to identify trends in total, deceased donor and living donor kidney transplantation (KT) rates in European countries.
Methods
The European Renal Association (ERA) Registry and the Global Observatory on Donation and Transplantation (GODT) databases were used to obtain the number of KTs in individual European countries between 2010 and 2018. General population counts were obtained from Eurostat or the national bureaus of statistics. The KT rate per million population (pmp) and the average annual percentage change (APC) were calculated.
Results
The total KT rate in the 40 participating countries increased with 1.9% annually (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.5, 2.2) from 29.6 pmp in 2010 to 34.7 pmp in 2018, reflecting an increase of 3.4 pmp in the deceased donor KT rate (from 21.6 pmp to 25.0 pmp, APC: 1.9% [95%CI: 1.3, 2.4]) and of 1.5 pmp in the living donor KT rate (from 8.1 pmp to 9.6 pmp, APC: 1.6% [95%CI: 1.0, 2.3]). The trends in KT rate varied widely across European countries. An East-West gradient was observed for deceased donor KT rate with Western European countries performing more KTs. In addition, most countries performed less living donor KTs. In 2018, Spain had the highest deceased donor KT rate (64.6 pmp) and Turkey the highest living donor KT rate (37.0 pmp).
Conclusions
The total KT rate increased due to a rise in the KT rate from deceased donors and to a lesser extent from living donors, with large differences between individual European countries.
Objectives Most of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are “cleared” by the immune system; however, in cases of immune system suppression, infections could lead to development of malignancies. The aim of this study was to find out the frequency of HR-HPV infection in early period after renal transplantation in recipients receiving immunosuppressive therapy and to follow the progression of the infection up to one year. Methods 43 female renal transplant recipients and 79 healthy female individuals as a control group were enrolled in this investigation. For the detection of HPV infection, patients' samples (blood and vaginal swabs) were collected two weeks after transplantation with following collection of six months and one year. Different polymerase chain reactions for HR-HPV genomic sequences detection and ELISA kit for detection of anti-HPV IgG antibodies were used. Results In this study, we show that frequency rate of HR-HPV infection has increased in the first year after transplantation from early stage of immunosuppressive therapy (from 24% to 36%). Also an increase of HR-HPV load was detected over time, showing the highest median viral load at sixth month after transplantation. Conclusions From the obtained data, it follows that it is very important to carefully monitor patients receiving immunosuppression therapy on progression of HR-HPV.
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