Aim:Various studies have shown that secreted factors alone in culture medium without stem cell are capable of repairing tissues by itself in various conditions involving damaged tissue/organ. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate the role of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived conditioned medium (CM) on the recovery of pancreatic β-cells in Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) with type 1 diabetes mellitus.Materials and Methods:The 0.05 ml CM induction was applied to the diabetic group of rats in weeks 1, 2, 3, and 4. 1 week after each CM induction, insulin concentration was analyzed using ELISA. The pancreas was divided into 3 regions, processed by paraffin method, stained with hematoxylin-eosin, and immunohistochemical method for insulin.Results:This study indicated the decrease in the total number of islets and insulin concentration after the injection of single dose of alloxan. The exocrine acini were also damaged. Microscopic observation detected the presence of small islets in the diabetic group 1 week after the first 0.05 ml CM induction. The number and size of the islets increased in line with the CM doses and time of inductions. Immunohistochemically, the presence of low intensity of insulin-positive cells could be recognized at the splenic and duodenal regions of the pancreas, but not gastric region, 1 week after the first and second 0.05 ml CM induction. The intensity of staining and the number of insulin-positive cells increased dramatically in 1 week after the third and fourth 0.05 ml of CM induction in all regions of the pancreas. The data of insulin blood concentration showed clear differences between the second and the fourth induction of 0.05 ml CM induction.Conclusions:This study showed very strong evidence on the role of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived CM in recovering the pancreatic β-cells damage in Wistar rats (R. norvegicus) with type 1 diabetes mellitus, structurally and functionally.

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ABSTRAKBerbagai penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak media penumbuh sel punca mesenkimal (EMP-SPM), tanpa sel punca itu sendiri, telah ditemukan terdapat berbagai faktor tropik hasil sekresi sel punca mesenkimal di dalam media kultur yang dapat meregenerasi jaringan yang rusak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kadar malondialdehid (MDA) dalam plasma dan ginjal tikus diabetes melitus tipe 2 (DMT2) dengan terapi EMPSPM. Dua puluh lima ekor tikus wistar digunakan dalam penelitian ini dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok yaitu kelompok DMT2 + 0,05 ml/kg BB EMPSPM (0,05); kelompok DMT2 + 0,1 ml/kg BB EMPSPM (0,1); kelompok DMT2 + 0,2 ml/kg BB EMPSPM (0,2), kelompok kontrol DMT2 (DMT2), dan kelompok sehat (KS). Induksi DMT2 dengan menggunakan streptozotosinnikotinamid (STZ-NA). Terapi mulai dilakukan pada hari ke 7 setelah kondisi DM tercapai, diberikan 4 kali dengan selang waktu 7 hari secara intraperitoneal. Data kadar glukosa darah dan MDA dianalisi secara statistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa induksi DMT2 dengan STZ-NA dapat menaikkan kadar glukosa dan MDA dalam darah (P<0,05). Terapi 0,05; 0,1; dan 0,2 ml/kg BB EMPSPM menunjukkan dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah, kadar MDA plasma dan ginjal (P<0,05). Kadar 0,2 ml/kg BB EMPSPM menunjukkan aktifitas lebih baik dalam menurunkan kadar glukosa darah dan MDA. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, EMPSPM dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah serta kadar MDA dalam darah dan ginjal tikus DMT2.Kata kunci: EMPSPM, streptozotosin, nikotinamid, diabetes mellitus tipe 2, malondialdehid ABSTRACTVarious studies show that Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Conditioned Media (MSC-CM)), without the stem cells themselves, has been found to contain various trophic factor secretion results in a mesenchymal stem cell culture medium that can regenerate damaged tissue. This study aims to describe the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in plasma and kidneys of type 2 diabetes mellitus rats (T2DM) with MSC-CM therapy. Twenty five male Wistar rats used in this study were divided into 5 groups: T2DM + 0.05 ml/kg BW MSC-CM (0.05); T2DM + 0.1 ml/kg BW MSC-CM (0.1); T2DM + 0.2 ml/kg BB MSC-CM (0.2); the control group with T2DM (DMT2), and healthy group (KS). Induction of T2DM by using streptozotocin-nicotinamide (STZ-NA). Treatment started on day 7 after the DM condition is reached, given 4 times with an interval of 7 days, intraperitoneally. The datas blood glucose and MDA levels will be analyzed statistically. The results showed that the induction of T2DM with STZ-NA can increase glucose and MDA levels in the blood (P <0.05). Therapy 0.05; 0.1; and 0.2 ml/kg BW MSC-CM shown to reduce blood glucose levels, plasma MDA levels and kidney (P <0.05). Levels of 0.2 ml/kg MSC-CM showed better activity in lowering blood glucose and MDA levels. Based on this research, MSC-CM can lower blood glucose levels and MDA levels in the blood and kidneys of T2DM rats.

Medicines are widely used to prevent or cure illness. One of the medicines, which often used to relieve stomach pain, is a medicine that contains digestive enzymes. Hospitals and other health institutions much need this type of medicines. Hospitals and other health institutions should ensure the availability of medications for patients. This situation forces health institutions to deal with the uncertainty of medicine usage. Hospitals as one of the health institutions have some challenges. One of the challenges that must be faced is to ensure the availability of medicines for patients. The ability to predict can help ensure medicines availability in hospital. In this study will presents the forecasting model using Long Term Short Memory (LSTM) method to predict the need for medicines that contain digestive enzymes in the hospital. This method is chosen because it is known to have high accuracy to predict stationary data. One of the methods used in input identification for the LSTM method is by using the Autocorrelation Function (ACF) and Partial Autocorrelation Function (PACF). The results of this study indicate that the use of LSTM method suitable for time series forecasting in the historical dataset, with 12.733 Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) value.

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Uji toksisitas perlu dilakukan pada suatu produk obat yang akan dipasarkan. Uji awal (screening test) ini sangat penting secara farmakologi dan toksikologi karena akan digunakan untuk pertimbangan penentuan dosis, rentang waktu pemberian dan aplikasinya. Superjamu yang diuji merupakan campuran herbal yang telah dibentuk menjadi sediaan cair dan diaplikasikan secara per oral. Metode pengujian toksisitas yang dipilih berdasarkan pedoman Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) 423 (2002). Metode ini merupakan metode standar yang diakui oleh 33 negara Eropa yang merupakan anggota dari OECD. Kelebihan utama metode ini adalah sedikitnya penggunaan hewan model (mencit) serta waktu ujinya yangrelatif cepat. Sebanyak 9 ekor mencit betina umur 3 bulan dengan berat badan berkisar 25 g dibagi menjadi 3 perlakuan (n=3). Kelompok 1 diberi jamu dosis 300 mg/kb berat badan, kelompok 2 dosis 2000 mg/kg dan kelompok 3 (kontrol) diberi aquades 1 mL/ kg berat badan. Perberian jamu dilakukan per oral menggunakan spet bersonde setiap hari selama 14 hari. Tahap pertama masih terdapat kematian pada kelompok 2 dan gejala klinis berupa rambut berdiri, depresi dan gejala syarafi pada kelompok 1 sehingga dilanjutkan dengan uji kedua menggunakan dosis 50 mg/kg berat badan pada 2 kelompok yaitu kelompok perlakuan (KP) dan kelompok kontrol (KK) masing masing terdiri dari 3 ekor mencit, selama 14 hari. Hasil pengujian tahap kedua tidak ditemukan gejala klinis keracunan pada hewan coba. Kesimpulan dari pengujian ini adalah nilai dosis toksik jamu adalah > 50-300 mg/kg bb dan perkiraan dosis letal (LD50) adalah 200-300 mg/kg bb seperti disebutkan dalam Annex 2c: OECD/OCE.

Phytobiotic is a derivative compound from plants that have the benefits as medicine or growth promoter. The compound had studied on it’s beneficial effect as growth promoter in poultry. This study has deducted to know the effect of Macleaya cordata extract and Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus debrueckii susp. bulgaricus, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Enterococcus faecium, dan Streptococcus salivarius susp. Thermophilus as feed additive products toward the feed convertion rate (FCR) and the percentage of abdominal lipid. The 60 of day old chick were maintained and devided into four groups consist of 15 chicken each (n=5, r=3). Group A treated with phytobiotic (Macleaya extract) 0.125 mg/kg of feed, group B treated with probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus debrueckii susp. bulgaricus, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Enterococcus faecium, dan Streptococcus salivarius susp. Thermophilus (probiotic product) 0 ,100 mg/kg of feed, group C treated with both phytobiotic and probiotic dose of 0,075 mg/kg dan 0,050 mg/kg of feed, respectively, and group K which no additives in feed. Body weight measurement did in every week. At day- 30 the broilers were euthanized and abdominal lipid weighted. The body weight and abdominal lipid measurements were analizyd with one way ANOVA, FCR values evaluated descriptively. The results showed that FCR of group A,B,C were better than control group (K) (A=1.21;B=1.20;C=1.26;K=1.32). The body weight between groups had no significant difference (P> 0.05), meanwhile the weight of abdominal lipid of group A,B,C, were lower (P<0.05) than control group (K). The percentage of abdominal lipid compare to body weight of group B and C were lower than K. It concluded that supplementation of Macleaya cordata extract and Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus debrueckii susp. bulgaricus, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Enterococcus faecium, dan Streptococcus salivarius susp. Thermophilus had benefits to reduce the abdominal lipid in broilers and gave the better FCR values.