As doenças respiratórias são associadas a grande morbidade e mortalidade na faixa etária pediátrica e, assim, responsáveis por hospitalizações em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Pediátricas (UTIPs). O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever as principais causas de admissão por doenças respiratórias e a evolução desses pacientes em duas UTIPs. Tratou-se de estudo descritivo e retrospectivo. Foram coletados dados de todos os pacientes admitidos por doença do trato respiratório, durante o ano de 2011, em duas UTIPs terciárias, da cidade de Salvador, Bahia. Nesse período, foram admitidos 625 pacientes, dos quais 355 (56,8%) tinham doença do trato respiratório. Destes, a maioria foi do sexo masculino (55,2%) e houve predominância de lactentes (55,8%). O tempo de permanência em UTIP esteve entre um e sete dias (75,8%). Pneumonia foi a principal causa de admissão (37,7%), seguida de bronquiolite (18,9%) e asma (12,4%). O uso de ventilação não invasiva foi verificado em 178 pacientes (50,1%) e 86 pacientes (24,2%) necessitaram de ventilação invasiva. Houve 23 óbitos (6,47%). Concluiu--se que as doenças respiratórias constituem ainda causas importantes de morbimortalidade na infância. Palavras-chave: Doença respiratória. Unidade de terapia intensiva pediátrica. Mortalidade.

Medulloblastomas are the most common solid tumors in children, accounting for 8–30% of pediatric brain cancers. It is a high-grade tumor with aggressive behavior and a typically b poor prognosis. Its treatment includes surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, and presents high morbidity. Significant clinical, genetic, and prognostic differences exist between its four molecular subgroups: WNT, SHH, Group 3, and Group 4. Many studies seek to develop new chemotherapeutic agents for medulloblastomas through the identification of genes whose expressions are new molecular targets for drugs, such as membrane receptors associated with cell replication. This study aimed to assess the association of CD114 expression with mortality in patients with medulloblastoma. Databases from the Medulloblastoma Advanced Genomics International Consortium (MAGIC) were analyzed, focusing on the expression of the CD114 membrane receptor in different molecular types and its possible association with mortality. Our findings showed different CD114 expressions between Group 3 and other molecular groups, as well as between the molecular subtypes SHH γ and Group 3 α and Group 3 β. There was no statistically significant difference between the other groups and subtypes. Regarding mortality, this study did not find statistical significance in the association between low and high CD114 expressions and mortality. Medulloblastoma is a heterogeneous disease with many subtype variations of its genetic and intracellular signaling pathways. Similarly to this study, which could not demonstrate different CD114 membrane receptor expression patterns between groups, others who sought to associate CD114 expression with mortality in other types of cancer failed to establish a direct association. Since many indications point to the relation of this gene with cancer stem cells (CSCs), it may be part of a more extensive cellular signaling pathway with an eventual association with tumor recurrence. This study found no direct relationship between CD114 expression and mortality in patients with medulloblastoma. Further studies are needed on the intracellular signaling pathways associated with this receptor and its gene (the CSF3R).

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