The research is devoted to the problem of formation of high-protein feeds market for farm animals in Ukraine in conditions of European integration processes. The problem of providing the population with high quality food is becoming more global, the demand for high protein food products of a good quality is growing as well as the need for protein-balanced feeds for livestock. The dynamics of high-protein feed production in Ukraine and EU countries has been studied. The tendencies of the high-protein feeds market formation in Ukraine are considered. By means of benchmarking, price trends in the protein feed market in the EU and Ukraine have been analyzed. Ukraine has favorable soil and climatic conditions for the production of quality, safe products as well as efficient logistic routes available. As a result of the study it was found that the key factor for Ukraine’s penetration into the EU feed market is the need for high-protein feeds. The directions of solving the problem of feed protein deficiency for the needs of animal husbandry are determined. Environmental problems regarding feed quality and safety in the context of Ukraine’s aspirations for European integration are substantiated. The legislative basis for ensuring the quality and safety of feed and feed resources is considered. As a result of SWOT-analysis of vegetable protein production in Ukraine, it was found that Ukraine has significant potential for the production of competitive feed protein that meets domestic needs, form high export potential and promote entry into European and Asian markets. It is emphasized that the process of Ukraine’s European integration requires constant marketing research of the sectoral situation changes with account of the specific features of domestic production of high-protein feeds, highlighting key factors of Ukraine’s presence and its potentialities in the EU agricultural market and outlining the prospects for its development. Increase in the performance of farm animals and margins of livestock production requires balanced diets and reduction of feed cost in the costs structure due to the use of high protein feeds. It is important for Ukraine to promote the development of the market for high-protein and bulk feeds on the industrial basis as well as the development of organic feed and livestock production. Development of the competitive feed market in Ukraine and solving of the environmental and social problems of intensive animal husbandry requires the improvement of legislation to meet the requirements of EU Directives on the production, processing and efficient use of feed resources.
Purpose. To determine the impact of development of the domestic feed market on the efficiency of livestock industry in agricultural enterprises of Ukraine. Methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study was the dialectical method of cognition. The study used specific methods: monographic, economic and statistical, analysis and synthesis. Results. It is established that the Ukrainian market of compound feeds and premixes shows a tendency to the decrease in the level of production and reduction of demand, except for the poultry industry. Positive factors of domestic feed market development are highlighted – growth of demand for roughage (silage and haylage), increase of meal production, growth of cattle and poultry productivity in agricultural enterprises due to optimization and balance of rations feed conversion and share of feed cost in cost structure decreases. Negative factors and threats to the market have been identified – a decrease in the number of farm animals, low purchasing power of consumer companies and farms, lack of state support for livestock, rising prices for forage crops and increase in the cost of livestock products. Conclusions. The domestic feed market in Ukraine is developing in terms of increasing the industrial production of feed, meal and premixes for farm animals. Activation of the domestic feed market has a positive effect on the animal husbandry efficiency. Development of the domestic feed market requires: efficient participation of the state in terms of creating a regulatory framework for economic relations between market participants, a balanced foreign policy on export-import flows of feed and feed resources, strict regulation of feed quality and safety in the “soil – plant – feed – animal” system.
INVESTING IN RESOURCE-SAVING TECHNOLOGIES IN FIELD FODDER PRODUCTION В статті розглянуте питання щодо обгрунтування ефективності та потреби в інвестиціях для впровадження ресурсоощадних технологій у польовому кормовиробництві. Функціонування польового кормовиробництва в умовах післявоєнної відбудови, кліматичної кризи, з урахуванням перспектив застосування ресурсоощадних технологій актуальні. Економія витрат суб'єктом господарювання є запорукою рентабельності та росту прибутків. В статті економне витрачання ресурсів передбачає інвестування у насадження лісосмуг, обладнання та техніку для снігозатримання, виробництво органічних добрив, використання яких сприяє затриманню вологи в грунті, інвестиції у техніку для нових технологій обробітку грунту. У випадку розрахункуКлючові слова: інвестування, польове кормовиробництво, розвиток, ресурсоощадні технології.
Purpose. The strategy for the development of feed production involves the use of energy-saving production technologies to ensure environmental safety and counteract the negative impact of climate change, which requires the implementation of appropriate investment projects. In the conditions of world economic relations globalization, European integration processes in the economy of Ukraine, limited resources and rising energy prices, interest in studying the prospects of investing in biogas production, processing of agricultural raw materials and technologies for economical use of resources has increased. The purpose of the study is economic substantiation of investing in energy-saving technologies in feed production. Methods. Theoretical generalization; structural, abstract-logical, project analysis, monographic and graphic ones. Results. A project analysis of investing in energy-saving technologies in feed production as a direction of adaptation to climate change conditions was carried out. It has been established that for feed production enterprises in Ukraine, investment into the purchase of biogas plants for small processing volumes will be more expedient. Such installations, besides biogas, also produce organic fertilizer, which creates additional economic benefits for enterprises specializing in the field feed production. Provided the availability of the own sufficient raw material base, such investment projects at agricultural enterprises will have a 6-8 years payback period. Conclusions. A promising direction for the development of agribusiness in Ukraine is the implementation of investment projects in energy-saving technologies in feed production. Biogas production makes it possible to improve energy security not only at individual agricultural enterprises, but also in the state in general. Investing in biogas plants enables feed production enterprises to reduce dependence on external energy resources; to provide own needs in electricity and heating of production premises; to diversify production; to expand their presence and sales in the markets.
Purpose. To substantiate the scientific and theoretical foundations of the formation of feed centers in the united territorial communities in conditions of limited resources and to solve the problem of providing the population with livestock products. Methods. The dialectical method of scientific cognition, observation, comparison, abstract-logical and statistical-analytical analysis, graphic-illustrative method. Results. The peculiarities of the development of livestock in Ukraine in modern economic conditions are determined. The problems of dairy farming under martial law in Ukraine are characterized. It is established that with a decrease in the number of cows, their productivity increases, both in large farms and in small ones. It has been determined that the level of feed supply in small farms requires improvement of the level of feed supply and the quality of diets. This problem can be solved, according to the experience of developed countries, by forming feed centers on an integrative basis within individual territorial communities. The organizational and structural structure of a feed center within a typical rural territorial community is presented. The algorithm for the formation of a complete mixed diet in a feed center for different types of farm animals is formed. The basic requirements for the organization of complete feeding of highly productive cows are outlined. Conclusions. In the context of the European integration processes of domestic agricultural production, the problem of food supply, the decline of traditional livestock industries, the migration of economically active population, in particular from rural areas, the development of small-scale livestock production is becoming increasingly important. The formation of integration formations based on cooperation will help to solve the problem of providing the population with livestock products, employment of the rural population and socio-economic development of territorial communities.
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