The main ecological challenges of agricultural production of Ukraine in conditions of European integration are considered. The relevance of the chosen topic is justified by the high agricultural potential of Ukraine, which has common values and common interests with the European economic space. This is confirmed by the benchmarking analysis of the security and efficiency of land use in Ukraine among the EU-28 countries. It is known that the life quality of the society depends on the health of the environment, and the intensification level of the agricultural production and processing sector. Studies have shown that Ukraine lags behind the EU countries both in terms of living standards and social development. Therefore, the issue of forming a program to protect the soil resources of Ukraine from degradation and their effective use, with respect to social needs and environmental risks, is an important problem for the European countries as a single ecological system. The authors identify areas for agricultural production intensification in Ukraine, taking into account the requirements for quality and safety of the products. The need for the legal framework harmonization to regulate agricultural production and ensure sustainable development of ecosystems on the principles of a green economy is substantiated.
Abstract. The research is devoted to the problem of the ruminant bulky feed market formation in Ukraine in conditions of the world economic integration processes. The dynamics of bulk feed production in Ukraine, supply and demand in the domestic market have been studied. By means of benchmarking price trends in the hay market in Ukraine and England are analyzed. The study found that feeding ruminants will be complete only if all nutrients and biologically active substances are available in the diet in optimal quantities and ratios. Regression analysis proved the direct dependence of cow productivity on production and supply of bulk feed. It is established that Ukraine has favorable natural and economic conditions to meet domestic demand for bulk feed and for the formation of significant export potential. It was found that the integration process of Ukrainian agricultural producers into the world market requires constant analytical study of the sectorial market changes, considering peculiarities of domestic production of bulk feed, highlighting key factors of Ukraine’s presence and potential in the agricultural market of Europe and Asia with account of safety and quality criteria of feed, environmental, social and economic sustainability of feed suppliers. Among the main factors improving the situation on the market of bulky feed are the following: introduction of new technologies for hay and pelleted feed production; creation of feed centers for the industrialized high-quality feed procurement and composing rational mixed diets for various farm animals; development of state programs to support feed production; formation of the legislative basis for the feed industry development; further standardization and certification of its products in accordance with international and European requirements, aimed at promoting integration in the world market and achieving sustainable competitive advantages. Keywords: bulky feed market, export, hay, silage, price, benchmarking analysis, feed quality. JEL Classification Q11, Q12, Q13, Q17 Formulas: 0; fig.: 3; tabl.: 3; bibl.: 18.
Purpose. To determine the impact of development of the domestic feed market on the efficiency of livestock industry in agricultural enterprises of Ukraine. Methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study was the dialectical method of cognition. The study used specific methods: monographic, economic and statistical, analysis and synthesis. Results. It is established that the Ukrainian market of compound feeds and premixes shows a tendency to the decrease in the level of production and reduction of demand, except for the poultry industry. Positive factors of domestic feed market development are highlighted – growth of demand for roughage (silage and haylage), increase of meal production, growth of cattle and poultry productivity in agricultural enterprises due to optimization and balance of rations feed conversion and share of feed cost in cost structure decreases. Negative factors and threats to the market have been identified – a decrease in the number of farm animals, low purchasing power of consumer companies and farms, lack of state support for livestock, rising prices for forage crops and increase in the cost of livestock products. Conclusions. The domestic feed market in Ukraine is developing in terms of increasing the industrial production of feed, meal and premixes for farm animals. Activation of the domestic feed market has a positive effect on the animal husbandry efficiency. Development of the domestic feed market requires: efficient participation of the state in terms of creating a regulatory framework for economic relations between market participants, a balanced foreign policy on export-import flows of feed and feed resources, strict regulation of feed quality and safety in the “soil – plant – feed – animal” system.
ÂñòóïÇàâäÿêè âèã³äíîìó ãåîãðàô³÷íîìó ïîëî-aeåííþ ³ ñïðèÿòëèâèì êë³ìàòè÷íèì óìîâàì íàøà äåðaeàâà ìຠõîðîø³ ïåðñïåêòèâè äëÿ âèðîáíèöòâà òà åêñïîðòó çíà÷íèõ îáñÿã³â ñ³ëüñüêîãîñïîäàðñüêî¿ ïðîäóêö³¿. Çà îñòàíí³ ðîêè ñàìå ïîñòàâêè íà çîâí³øí³ ðèíêè àãðî-ïðîäîâîëü÷î¿ ïðîäóêö³¿ â³ò÷èçíÿíîãî âèðîá-íèöòâà áóëè âèçíà÷àëüíèìè ó ñòðóêòóð³ çà-ãàëüíîãî åêñïîðòó. Êð³ì òðàäèö³éíî åêñïîð-òîîð³ºíòîâàíèõ ãàëóçåé (âèðîáíèöòâî çåðíî-âèõ, îë³éíèõ êóëüòóð, ñîíÿøíèêîâî¿ î볿 òà äåÿêèõ âèä³â ïðîäóêö³¿ ïåðåðîáíî¿ ïðîìèñëî-âîñò³), â Óêðà¿í³ º ðÿä ³íøèõ íàïðÿì³â àãðî-âèðîáíèöòâà, ÿê³ óñï³øíî çàáåçïå÷óþòü ïî-òðåáè âíóòð³øíüîãî ðèíêó, îäíàê íå â³ä³ãðà-þòü çíà÷íî¿ ðîë³ â çîâí³øí³é òîðã³âë³.Îäíà ç òàêèõ ãàëóçåé -âèðîáíèöòâî êàðòîï ë³, ÿêå õàðàêòåðèçóºòüñÿ íå ëèøå ñòà-á³ëüíî äîñòàòí³ìè âðîaeàÿìè, à é âëàñòèâè-ìè ëèøå éîìó îñîáëèâîñòÿìè ôóíêö³îíó-âàííÿ. Òðàäèö³éíî êîíöåíòðóþ÷èñü ó ïðè-âàòíèõ ãîñïîäàðñòâàõ, âèðîáíèöòâî êàðòîï-ë³ ïðîìèñëîâèìè ï³äïðèºìñòâàìè º íåçíà÷-íèì, ùî ëèøå ï³äêðåñëþº ñó÷àñíó ñïåöèô³-êó ãàëóç³.Ïèòàííÿì äîñë³äaeåííÿ îñîáëèâîñòåé â³ò-÷èçíÿíîãî àãðîïðîäîâîëü÷îãî ðèíêó òà îêðå-ìèõ éîãî ãàëóçåé ïðèä³ëåíî çíà÷íó óâàãó â ïóáë³êàö³ÿõ òàêèõ ó÷åíèõ, ÿê Þ. Î. Ëóïåí-êî, Ï. Ò. Ñàáëóê, Ñ. Ì. Êâàøà òà ³íø³.Ìåòà äîñë³äaeåíü -âèâ÷èòè ñó÷àñíèé ñòàí óêðà¿íñüêî¿ ãàëóç³ êàðòîïëÿðñòâà, ¿¿ çíà÷åí-íÿ, ïðîáëåìè òà ïåðñïåêòèâè, óçàãàëüíèòè îö³íêó ñâ³òîâîãî ðèíêó êàðòîïë³ â êîíòåêñò³ äèíàì³êè âèðîáíèöòâà é òîðã³âë³. Ìåòà. Äîñë³äèòè ðèíîê êàðòîïë³ Óêðà¿íè íà ñó÷àñíîìó åòàï³ ðîçâèòêó ³ âèçíà÷èòè ìàéáóòí³ ïåðñïåêòèâè éîãî ôóíêö³îíóâàííÿ. Ðåçóëüòàòè. Âèçíà÷åíî îñîáëèâîñò³ óêðà¿íñüêîãî ðèíêó êàðòîïë³. Âèðîáíèöòâî ïðàêòè÷íî ïîâí³ñòþ çä³éñíþºòüñÿ ïðèâàòíèìè ãîñïîäàðñòâàìè, çàáåçïå÷óþ÷è ïîòðåáè âíóòð³øíüîãî ðèíêó. Âèä³ëåíî îñíîâí³ ðåã³îíè ç íàéá³ëüøèì âàëîâèì çáîðîì òà âðîaeàéí³ñòþ êàðòîïë³. Óêðà¿íà íàëåaeèòü äî íàéá³ëüøèõ êðà¿í-âèðîáíèê³â êàðòîïë³ ó ñâ³ò³. Ñüîãîäí³ íàøà êðà¿íà íå º êëþ÷îâèì ïîñòà÷àëüíèêîì ÷è ³ìïîðòåðîì ö³º¿ êóëüòóðè ÷åðåç íèçüêó åêñïîðòíó îð³ºíòàö³þ ãàëóç³, ¿¿ òåõíîëîã³÷íó â³äñòàë³ñòü, îáìåaeåí³ñòü òîâàðíîãî àñîðòèìåíòó òà íàÿâí³ñòü âåëèêî¿ ê³ëüêîñò³ äð³áíèõ âèðîáíèê³â. Óêðà¿íà åêñïîðòóº êàðòîïëþ ïåðåâàaeíî äî êðà¿í ÑÍÄ, íàéá³ëüø³ îáñÿãè ¿¿ ³ìïîðòó çä³éñíþþòüñÿ ç ªâðîïåéñüêîãî Ñîþçó. Çàðàç íà ðèíêó ïðàöþþòü ëèøå äåê³ëüêà âåëèêèõ êîìïàí³é-âèðîáíèê³â, ÿêèõ ìîaeíà â³äíåñòè äî ïðîìèñëîâèõ. Á³ëüø³ñòü ñîðò³â êàðòîïë³, âèêîðèñòàííÿ ÿêèõ îô³ö³éíî äîçâîëåíî â Óêðà¿í³, êëàñèô³êóþòü ÿê ñòîëîâ³ é ðåêîìåíäóþòü äëÿ âèðî-ùóâàííÿ â çîíàõ ˳ñîñòåïó é Ïîë³ññÿ. Ñåðåä äîñÿãíåíü ãàëóç³ -ðîçâèòîê ïîïóëÿðíîãî é ïåðñïåêòèâíîãî íàïðÿìó -âè-ðîùóâàííÿ îðãàí³÷íî¿ êàðòîïë³, ïëîù³ ï³ä ÿêîþ â íàø³é êðà¿í³ º îäíèìè ç íàéá³ëüøèõ ó ñâ³ò³. Âèñíîâêè. Âèðîùåíó â Óêðà¿í³ êàðòîïëþ âèêîðèñòîâóþòü äëÿ ïîòðåá ñïîaeèâàííÿ íàñåëåííÿì, ãîä³âë³ òâàðèí, ïåðåðîáêè òà ñàä³ííÿ, îáñÿãè ¿¿ ìàþòü â³äíîñíó ñòàá³ëüí³ñòü. Âåëèêîòîâàðíå ïðîìèñëîâå âèðîáíèöòâî êàðòîïë³ íå íàáóëî ïîøèðåííÿ ÷åðåç íèçüê³ ö³íè ðåàë³çàö³¿ òà âèñîêó òðóäîì³ñòê³ñòü ïðîöåñó âèðîùóâàííÿ.  íàéáëèae÷³ äåê³ëüêà ðîê³â, âðàõîâóþ÷è ñó÷àñí³ òåíäåíö³¿, áóäå çáåðåaeåíî íèí³øí³ îáñÿãè âèðîáíèöòâà êàðòîïë³ òà ñèëüíó îáìåaeåí³ñòü âíóò...
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