Latar Belakang: Mahasiswa dihadapkan dengan berbagai kegiatan akademik dan non akademik hingga terkadang menyita waktu tidur, sementara waktu tidur yang cukup dibutuhkan untuk menjaga kestabilan emosi. Tujuan: mengetahui hubungan antara kualitas tidur dengan masalah emosional (tingkat depresi, cemas, dan stres) mahasiswa pre-klinik Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Udayana. Metode Penelitian: Studi cross-sectional dilakukan pada mahasiswa kedokteran pre-klinik di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana. Responden melengkapi kuesioner data demografik, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), dan kuesioner Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Disorder Scale (DASS). Hasil: Sebanyak 132 responden terlibat dalam studi ini dengan jenis kelamin laki-laki sebanyak 37,1% dan berjenis kelamin perempuan sebanyak 62,9%, dengan rentang usia 18-22 tahun. Indeks kualitas tidur secara umum memiliki korelasi positif dengan tingkat depresi (r=0,32; p<0,001), tingkat cemas (r=0,26; p=0,002), dan tingkat stres (r=0,36; p<0,001) mahasiswa. Simpulan: Kualitas tidur secara umum berhubungan signifikan dengan tingkat depresi, cemas, dan stres mahasiswa kedokteran pre-klinik di Universitas Udayana, Bali. Penting bagi pihak institusi maupun badan kemahasiswaan guna menekankan program yang mendukung kualitas tidur dan kesehatan psikis mahasiswa.
Akkermansia muciniphila is a promising gut microbiota for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A. muciniphila stimulates intestinal wall integrity, is an anti-inflammatory agent, and reduces endoplasmic reticulum stress, lipogenesis and gluconeogenesis. These properties make A. muciniphila a potential treatment option for T2DM by reducing insulin resistance and increasing insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance in different tissues. This article explores the possible role of A. muciniphila in T2DM management, along with the various methods known to modulate A. muciniphila .
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic affects various aspects of everyone's life. One of the impacts of the pandemic is psychological disorders, such as decreased sleep quality and anxiety. Until now, there has been no research to assess the relationship between these two conditions in university students during the pandemic era. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the relationship between decreased sleep quality and anxiety disorders in Indonesia’s university students during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted from September to October 2021 on 376 university students, both domiciled in Bali and outside Bali. Data were collected using a questionnaire consisting of participant demographic data, sleep quality assessment using the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and measurement of anxiety levels using the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS). Bivariate analysis was performed using the Pearson correlation test.Result: 294 of the 376 participants had high PSQI scores (>5) and experienced sleep disturbances. Meanwhile, 44 participants reported experiencing anxiety disorders, with detail of 41 participants having SAS scores in the low category and 3 participants having SAS scores in the moderate category. The relationship between the PSQI and SAS variables showed a correlation coefficient of 0.619 and was statistically significant.Conclusion : Decreased sleep quality is positively correlated with anxiety disorders experienced by university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. The author suggests research with larger parameters and population size to get more accurate results.
The management of certain health disorder can be done through a combination of conventional methods, namely with medicine, as well as traditional in a holistic (comprehensive) manner. The same also can be done for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Breath training technique and self-relaxation can be used as a complement, in addition to the consumption of drugs. Yoga pranayama combined with music therapy is a new rehabilitation therapy combination that can be implemented. This study was a narrative literature review composed by original articles and reviews written in English, aims to determine the potential of a combination of yoga pranayama and music therapy as a holistic rehabilitation therapy in patients with COPD. That therapy combination has been proven capable by some literatures in reducing dyspnea, increasing lung capacity and oxygen saturation, improving fitness and minimizing anxiety level, however, there were not any studies that ensure the potency of this therapy combination in COPD patients, therefore further research should be addressed.
Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem autoimmune disease that has a great diversity of clinical presentations and occurs mostly in young women. However, late-onset SLE does exist and seldom presents with an atypical case, including pericardial effusion (PE). Case presentation A 64 years old Asian woman presented with weakness all over the body and slight breathlessness for the past 2 days before the hospital admission. Her initial vital signs are 80/50 mmHg for blood pressure and a respiration rate of 24 breaths/min. Rhonchi were heard on the left lung and pitting edema on both legs. No evidence of any skin rash. Laboratory examination displayed anemia, hematocrit decrement, and azotemia. A 12-lead ECG demonstrated left-axis deviation with low voltage (Fig. 1). Chest X-ray showed left massive pleural effusion (Fig. 2). Transthoracic echocardiography revealed biatrial enlargement, normal EF 60%, diastolic dysfunction grade II, and thickening of the pericardium with mild circumferential PE corresponding with effusive-constrictive pericarditis (Fig. 3). The patient also brought CT angiography and cardiac MRI result, which confirmed pericarditis with PE. Treatment was initiated in ICU with fluid resuscitation of normal saline. The patient’s routine oral treatments, including furosemide, ramipril, colchicine, and bisoprolol, were carried on. An autoimmune workup was performed by a cardiologist and demonstrated an elevation in antinuclear antibody/ANA (IF) of 1:100, which finally unveiled a diagnosis of SLE. Pericardial effusion is one critical condition to consider, despite it being an uncommon presentation in late-onset SLE. Mild pericarditis in an SLE case can be treated with corticosteroid administration. Colchicine also has been found to reduce the risk of pericarditis recurrence. However, an atypical presentation from this case led to a slightly delayed treatment that escalated the morbidity and mortality risk. The patient had a sudden cardiac arrest and passed away 3 days after being treated. Conclusions Atypical presentation during late-onset SLE, mainly in the form of pericardial effusion even constrictive pericarditis, should be taken into a consideration since they are a scarce feature in SLE patients. Swift recognition and prompt treatment are important for the optimal outcome.
Breakfast is believed to provide many benefits to the growth and development of children, including its memory, but the availability of data that can convince the public regarding this matter is still relatively lacking. This analytic study was conducted to determine the relationship between breakfast habits and memory levels in public elementary school students in the city of Denpasar, with a cross- sectional approach. The research data were primary data obtained from interviews with demographic questionnaire, Breakfast Consumption Habit Questionnaire (BCHQ) for the assessment of chidlren’s habists and Children’s Memory Questionnaire-Revised (CMQ-R) for assessing children’s memory levels. The implementation of study is from May-December 2018 to 16 public elementary schools in Denpasar City. The sample collection technique using cluster random sampling method with a sample size of 399 students. The sample in this study was dominated by male (55.1%) with the majority aged 10 years and above (57.4%). As many as 40.8% of students are classified as malnourished (underweight, overweight, and obese). The economic status of the respondents’ family is dominated by middle class. The majority of the father and mother of each respondents were high school graduates (59.1% and 53.4%), with the most jobs being private employee (39.1%) and not working (30.6%) respectively. More than a third of respondents (37.3%) were not used to have breakfast. Children who are accustomed to breakfast tend to have higher memory levels of 1.737 times more than those are not used to it. Breakfast habits have a significant relationship with the level of memory of children, with a value of p=0.008 (95% CI= 1,153–2,618). Breakfast habits are proven to be a factor that affects the level of memory of children. Further research is needed to find out the specific memory aspect that are affected and the type of breakfast that is most ideal for children development. Abstrak Sarapan dipercaya memberikan banyak manfaat pada tumbuh kembang anak, termasuk memorinya, akan tetapi kesediaan data yang dapat meyakinkan masyarakat terkait hal tersebut masih relatif kurang. Penelitian analitik ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kebiasaan sarapan dan tingkat memori pada siswa sekolah dasar negeri di Kota Denpasar, dengan pendekatan potong lintang. Data penelitian adalah data primer yang diperoleh dari hasil wawancara dengan kuesioner demografik, Breakfast Consumption Habit Questionnaire (BCHQ) untuk penilaian kebiasaan sarapan anak serta Children’s Memory Questionnaire-Revised (CMQ-R) untuk penilaian tingkat memori anak. Pelaksanaan penelitian yaitu dari bulan Mei-Desember 2018 di 16 Sekolah Dasar Negeri (SDN) di Kota Denpasar. Teknik pengumpulan sampel dengan metode sampling acak klaster dengan jumlah sampel 399 orang siswa. Sampel pada penelitian ini didominasi oleh laki-laki (55,1%), dengan sebagian besar berusia 10 tahun ke atas (57,4%). Sebanyak 40,8% siswa tergolong malnutrisi (underweight, overweight, dan obesitas). Status ekonomi keluarga responden didominasi oleh golongan menengah. Ayah dan ibu dari masing-masing responden sebagian besar adalah lulusan SMA (59,1% dan 53,4%), dengan pekerjaan terbanyak yaitu sebagai pegawai swasta (39,1%) dan tidak bekerja (30,6%) berturut-turut. Lebih dari sepertiga responden (37,3%) tidak terbiasa sarapan. Anak yang terbiasa sarapan cenderung memiliki tingkat memori lebih tinggi 1,737 kali lebih banyak daripada yang tidak terbiasa. Kebiasaan sarapan memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan tingkat memori anak, dengan nilai p=0,008 (95% CI=1,153– 2,618). Kebiasaan sarapan terbukti mampu menjadi faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat memori anak. Penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk mengetahui aspek memori spesifik yang dipengaruhi dan jenis sarapan yang paling ideal bagi tumbuh kembang anak.
Background: Medical students are required to develop the ability and clinical skill to carry out the profession. Soft skill is also important to enhance the students' performance when facing a real-life situation in the community. It can be developed through an extracurricular activity which trains positive behavior, time management, and social aspect. This study was aimed to explore the correlation between extracurricular activities and academic performances among medical students in the preclinical phase. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 221 medical students of Udayana University in the preclinical phase. Data were taken from data collecting by the Student Executive Board for Credit Point of Participation, which was the indicator of extracurricular activities and grouped into active and not active. Data were also taken from the Academic Affair's registered data (Grade Point Average (GPA) and gender). GPA was the indicator of academic performance and grouped into good and average. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis (Chi-Square Test with Cramer's V) on SPSS version 20 for Windows. Results: From 221 medical students (males 43.9%; females 56.1%), 48% are active participants of extracurricular programs. Fifty-nine medical students had a good GPA and 162 medical students had an average GPA. The mean score of Credit Point of Participation are 116.545±65.79 and GPA is 3.3781±0.282 (out of possible 4). Our study showed a positive correlation between extracurricular activities and academic performance (r=0.2; p=0.003). Conclusions: Medical students who are active participants in extracurricular programs have better academic performance than those who are passive. Extracurricular activities lead to a positive impact on academic achievement because it can decrease any academic stress and tension, which lead to more productivity in their learning.
Background: Learning styles are various ways of acquiring knowledge and important due to its contribution to the learning process' outcome and students' academic performances. This study aims to find out the correlation between learning style preference and cognitive academic performance of medical students. Methods: A cohort study using The Honey and Mumford's Learning Style Questionnaire was conducted to first-year medical students during their first semester at Udayana University, Bali. Mean of four academic blocks’ final assessments (multiple choice questions) represented the cognitive academic performance. Data were analysed using univariate and bivariate analysis (Spearman correlation). Results: There were 219 students who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Each student can have more than one learning style preferences. There were 33.3% students with a very strong preference for theorist learning style, followed by activist (30.6%), reflector (27.9%), and pragmatist (14.2%). Mean of final academic blocks’ assessments had positive correlation with reflector (r=0.227, p<0.001) and theorist (r=0.135, p=0.045) learning style. However, a negative correlation was found with the activist learning style (r=-0.267, p<0.001). No correlation was found between the academic blocks’ assessments and pragmatist learning style. Conclusion: Medical students with reflector and theorist learning style tend to have better cognitive academic performances compared to other learning styles. This study should be taken into consideration in providing the most suitable teaching methods for medical students based on their various learning style, especially for the ones with activist learning style which in this study had lower cognitive academic performances. Keywords: learning style, medical student, academic performance, cognitive outcome
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