Abstract. Penglatan Village is one of dodol industrial centres in Buleleng Regency, Bali. Dodol is a balinese traditional snack that usually used for religion ceremonies offering or "sesajen". Dodol's making processes had several layer of stages, from making dough, stirring dough, packaging and drying dodol. Because the drying process is done with traditional work tools, this process cause several ergonomic problems. Based on preliminary research, the complaints that felt by dodol workers are pain in the neck, shoulders, back, waist, head, and hands. Therefore, productivity of workers are decreasing. This problem solved by designing a hybrid solar drying tools with the application of techno-ergonomic, appropriate technology concept (TTG) and from ergonomic science with the application of SHIP concept (systemic, holistic, interdisciplinary, participatory). This research use 20 people as sample. The sample performance is observed while working traditionally and using techno-ergonomic hybrid solar dryer tools. The measurements conducted three times which are First Period (PI), Second Period (PII), and Third Period (PIII) with interspersed time for rest. WOP (washing out period) is intended to eliminate residual effects. The data were analyzed with SPSS program with significance level of 0.05. Hopefully, with this solution will improve worker productivity.
Penglatan village, one of the villages in Buleleng Regency-Bali, is the center of dodol industry, with a number of makers up to 44 small group makers, on which each group consisting of 6 to 8 workers. Dodol is a sweet snack that has been sold to many regions in Bali as well as to modern markets such as minimarkets or supermarkets and Bali souvenir shops. In Bali, dodol has become one of the traditional snacks used for offering in religion ceremony. The making process of dodol consisted of several processes, which were dough making, cooking, packaging/wrapping, and lastly, drying. The drying process was done by the workers through the natural method by utilizing the traditional tool to spread the dodol on the bamboo mat on which afterwards, continued by drying them in the sun. The kind of drying process can cause ergonomic problems such as pain in the neck, shoulder, back, lower back, head, and hands. As a result, it can decrease the work productivity as well as the product quality. This research was an experimental research applying the treatment by subject design with 20 samples. The sample productivity was observed while working traditionally and while utilizing the techno-ergonomically hybrid solar dryer including solar thermal and biomass dryer. The data were analyzed by SPSS program applying the probability value of 0.05. It was expected that by using the hybrid techno-ergonomic dryer could create the work posture became more effective, convenient, safe, healthy, and efficient. This ergonomic work equipment could increase comfort and reduce injuries. Therefore, the performance and quality products in the making process of dodol could be improved as well. The results showed that the working position of back bending while drying dodol as well as being exposure to hot temperatures could cause the workload on dodol makers in the weight category which was at 126.03 beats per minute. There was a significant increase towards the subjective disorders of the workers, particularly related to musculoskeletal disorders and fatigue in between before and after work. Therefore, it was necessary to have the ergonomics interventions in dealing with the workload issues, subjective disorders, as well as to increase labor productivity of the workers. The alternative was to implement interventions designed by hybrid solar energy dryers using the techno-ergonomic application. Keywords IntroductionPenglatan village is one of the villages located in Buleleng regency, Bali. It is about five kilometers from Singaraja city, with its width area of 186.193 Ha and its population of 3583 people. This village can be categorized as a potential area for its agriculture (paddy field), livestock (cattle breeding: cow, poultry breeding: chicken, duck), handcrafting (bamboo wicker, weaving, songket), and small food industry such as dodol, which becomes an icon in this village. As a central site of dodol making in Buleleng regency, there are about 44 groups of makers consisiting of 6 to 8 workers each.These traditional snacks of dodol have bee...
Polytechnic is a skill-based education with a lot of training and practice, it is necessary to be prepared practicum facilities in terms of instrumentation and control devices, especially pump installation system. An important role in the operation of a system is the electrical system in the form of control, which is useful to facilitate pump installation operation system and this piping is called the Water Level Control. The complicated difficulty is assembling electrical installations manually. This problem can be solved with water level control pump installation system based on smart relay. The aim of this research is to know the discharge of pump water. The data show the average of the water debit calculation theoretically 1.03 liters / minute, meanwhile the average of the debit of test water on tool is 1.44 liter / minute. In conclusion, there is a difference about 0.41 liters / minute, the determination of frictional factor price, coefficient of endurance, pipe diameter, bend type in the specification material not in accordance with the actual material size. It is suggested to the policy makers in the field of vocational education that the tools and practical facilities must be well designed to more effectively consider the condition of student learning.
Thermal performances were performed as preliminary research on double pipe heat exchanger with low number of longitudinal groove. The objective of this work is to determine optimal heat transfer parameter especially logarithmic temperature difference (LMTD) as a time series function. The thermal analysis in this paper also provide total number of heat absorb in the cold fluid. The rectangular-longitudinal grooves were incised on outer surface of tube side with number of longitudinal grooves of 2. The grooves high and width were kept constant at 0.3 mm and 1 mm respectively. The tube made of aluminium with outer diameter is 20 mm. The shell is made of acrylic which has 26 mm in internal diameter. Water is used as the working fluid with counter flow scheme. The volume flowrate of cold fluid was varied from 18x10^-5 m^ 3/s up to 25x10^-5 m^ 3/s which are equal to Reynold number (Re) around 31981 to 43610. The volume flowrate of hot fluid remains constant at 25x10^-5 m^ 3/s which is equal to (Re) around 30904. The LMTD of 2 grooves double pipe heat exchanger was better compared to that of the smooth one since the thermal sectional area are increased which essentially cause larger heat transfer.
In motor vehicles, especially motorcycles, sometimes there are a lot of problems with the wheel rim in the event of an accident, or hit by a pothole that causes the wheel rim to be dented. In this case, we design a motorcycle wheel rim press tool as shown in Figure 2.1. The things that must be considered for a tool design in material selection are hardness, strength, fragility. The types of materials used are carbon steel, alloy steel, hollow steel, U iron, axle iron, angle iron, plate iron. In general, there are several grades of iron, including JIS G3101 SS400, ASTMA 36; BS 4360; DIN 17 100JIS G 3101; JIS 3106; SNI 07 2054, which has a different maximum tensile strength or stress by using formulas, for example the calculation of shafts, levers, weld strength and selection of hydraulic jacks. Supporting instruments in the process of working on the wheel rim press tool are machine tools and other measuring tools. To obtain truly satisfactory results from a tool, we are required to observe and look for alternatives and as carefully as possible in order to achieve a result that meets the standard. The tool must have high efficiency, easy to operate, and uphold work safety. Based on the results of the design and testing of the design of this motorcycle wheel rim press tool, it is more efficient, fast, and precise when compared to the tools owned by David Jaya Motor's workshop. The time required is faster according to the test results, which is between 25 minutes to 40 minutes with different wheel rim damage cases, while manually at the David Jaya Motor workshop, from observing field test results it takes a minimum of 90 minutes.
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