Dodol is one of the typical traditional snacks in Bali. Dodol is a food favored by both domestic and foreign tourists. The process of making dodol are through several stages, namely making the dough, stirring the dough until cooked, wrapping dodol, and the last stage is drying dodol. The process of drying is done by natural methods of drying and using traditional work tools. The process of drying under the sun causes an additional workload for the worker, tiredness, and less optimal production of dodol. Therefore, research was done to provide a solution to this problem that is the application of a dryer solar energy hybrid. This research was conducted experimentally using treatment by subject design. The sample size is 20 people. The samples were given two treatments, namely the work of making dodol the old way (period 1) and working to make dodol in a new way using the application of techno-ergonomic hybrid solar energy (period 2). The workload is calculated based on worker's working pulse and %CVL (Cardio Vascular Load), while the production amount is calculated from the amount of dodol produced in one production cycle. To know the difference between period 1 and period 2, data were analyzed using the t-pair test at 5% significance level. The results showed that there was a decrease of workload by 15.3%, a decrease of %CVL by 41.4%, increase of production amount 167%, and improvement of dodol product quality. It was concluded that the application of hybrid solar drying can decrease the workload of dodol workers and increase the production and the quality of dodol in Bali.
Abstract. Penglatan Village is one of dodol industrial centres in Buleleng Regency, Bali. Dodol is a balinese traditional snack that usually used for religion ceremonies offering or "sesajen". Dodol's making processes had several layer of stages, from making dough, stirring dough, packaging and drying dodol. Because the drying process is done with traditional work tools, this process cause several ergonomic problems. Based on preliminary research, the complaints that felt by dodol workers are pain in the neck, shoulders, back, waist, head, and hands. Therefore, productivity of workers are decreasing. This problem solved by designing a hybrid solar drying tools with the application of techno-ergonomic, appropriate technology concept (TTG) and from ergonomic science with the application of SHIP concept (systemic, holistic, interdisciplinary, participatory). This research use 20 people as sample. The sample performance is observed while working traditionally and using techno-ergonomic hybrid solar dryer tools. The measurements conducted three times which are First Period (PI), Second Period (PII), and Third Period (PIII) with interspersed time for rest. WOP (washing out period) is intended to eliminate residual effects. The data were analyzed with SPSS program with significance level of 0.05. Hopefully, with this solution will improve worker productivity.
The process of drying fish using solar energy is strongly influenced by weather conditions. Sunlight is needed by household scale workers because it is cheap. On the other hand, sun drying creates additional workload for workers. Workers are exposed to hot sun during drying. Continuous heat exposure results in an increased work pulse. This affects the level of worker productivity. To anticipate this, a solar dryer is used by utilizing a solar collector as an absorber of sunlight and a drying chamber for the drying process of fish. The use of solar dryers has been shown to increase drying temperatures and reduce workers' sun exposure. This decreases the workload of workers, so that it has an impact on increasing productivity. Worker productivity increased by 133.94%.
Many small industries produce handicrafts related to art in Bali, one of which is pottery. Pottery is an object made of clay which is formed and then burned to be a unique shape such as: jugs, glassware, cauldron, brazier, piggy bank, and other objects. The process of producing pottery required the complex steps, from preparing clay, printing by turning, drying and burning. The main difficulty of pottery producers is in the process of forming shapes which involved the rotating spinner. Most of small industries still use the manual spin control to rotate clay bucket holder. This research aims to redesign of a rotating spin machine from the existing pottery industries to increase the productivity. The sample was overtaken from 12 craftsmen in Singakerta Village, District of Ubud Gianyar, Bali. Sample P0 was given to craftsmen is still used the old design and P1 was given to sample modified and redesigned the old machine with added automatic control of rotating spinner. Workload is calculated based on the worker's pulse rate which is measured using a pulse meter. Research data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. T-test method was performed to analyzing the differences range between groups P0 and P1 at significance level of 5%. The results showed a workload was decreased from heavy to moderate by 12.09%. Production rate was increased by 282.1%, and productivity increased by 334.6%
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