Aims: Although Russia has one of the highest rates of alcohol consumption and alcohol-attributable burden of disease, little is known about the existing research on prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) and Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASDs) in this country. The objective of this study was to locate and review published and unpublished studies related to any aspect of PAE and FASD conducted in or using study populations from Russia. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in multiple English and Russian electronic bibliographic databases. In addition, a manual search was conducted in several major libraries in Moscow. Results: The search revealed a small pool of existing research studies related to PAE and/or FASD in Russia (126: 22 in English and 104 in Russian). Existing epidemiological data indicate a high prevalence of PAE and FASD, which underlines the strong negative impact that alcohol has on mortality, morbidity and disability in Russia. High levels of alcohol consumption by women of childbearing age, low levels of contraception use, and low levels of knowledge by health and other professionals regarding the harmful effects of PAE put this country at great risk of further alcohol-affected pregnancies. Conclusions: Alcohol preventive measures in Russia warrant immediate attention. More research focused on alcohol prevention and policy is needed in order to reduce alcohol-related harm, especially in the field of FASD.
Objective: to analyze the subjective perception of the disease, coping behavior and adherence to treatment as parameters of psychological adaptation of patients with immunoinflammatory rheumatic diseases (IIRD).Patients and methods. 163 women with IIRD who were on inpatient treatment were examined: 63 with systemic lupus erythematosus, 50 with rheumatoid arthritis, and 50 with systemic scleroderma. The mean age of the patients was 34.00±17.46 years.Results and discussion. Groups of patients with different types of perception of the disease were identified: "Unformed perception of the disease" (group 1), "Positive perception of disease control" (group 2), "Negative perception of disease threat" (group 3). When comparing the three groups, it was found that in the group with an unformed perception of the disease, negative emotional experiences were less pronounced than in the other two groups. At the same time, the coping strategies "Self-control" and "Problem solving planning" were significantly higher in the group of patients who positively perceived the control of their disease.Conclusion. Psychological adaptation of patients with IIRD depends on the type of perception of the disease. The identification of two basic profiles (“Disease threat perception” and “Disease and treatment control perception”) and three types of disease perception (“Unformed type of disease perception”, “Positive perception of disease control”, “Negative perception of the disease threat”) made it possible to obtain new, more differentiated ideas about the perception of the disease, which is the target of correctional psychological work with patients suffering from IIRD.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.