The endocrine system plays a key role in the pathogenesis of the non-infectious pathology of dairy cows. However, the role of a number of hormones in pathology is not clear. These hormones include insulin-like growth factors and leptin. The insulin-like growth factor is synthesized predominantly in the liver in response to an increase in the level of somatotropic hormone in the blood. According to its physiological properties, it is close to insulin, structurally similar, has common receptors that trigger the same chain of reactions: stimulates transport of amino acids and glucose in the muscles, increases the sensitivity of cells to insulin, in adipose tissue, transport glucose, oxidation of glucose to carbon dioxide, the inclusion of glucose in lipids. Leptin is synthesized by adipocytes, and its main physiological function is to reduce the synthesis of macroergic compounds and increase energy expenditure. Circulating in the blood, it helps to maintain an optimal level of glucose, which is necessary for the energy needs of the body. The purpose of this study was to investigate the concentration of insulin-like growth factor, leptin, glucose, pyruvate and lactate in the blood of cows under secondary osteodystrophy, ketosis and hepatodistrophy. This will give an opportunity to better understand the pathogenesis and create theoretical preconditions for the development of informative diagnostic tests and effective means of treatment. The experiment was conducted on dairy cows, analogues by age, breed, productivity and physiological state. According to clinical features, urine analysis and values of biochemical parameters of blood of experimental cows were divided into four groups: 1 – clinically healthy cows, 2 – patients with osteodystrophy, 3 – patients with ketosis, 4 – patients with hepatodistrophy. The obtained results of research indicate that the internal non-contagious pathology in dairy cows deficiency of exchange energy is recorded, which induces an increase in the activity of gluconeogenesis and is expressed by lowering the concentration of glucose and increasing the content of pyruvate and lactate. At the same time, a decrease in the level of insulin-like growth factor and leptin was found. The lowest level of insulin-like growth factor and leptin was determined by ketosis. The decrease in the level of tissue hormones in the blood plasma of cows under osteodystrophy was within the statistical error.
Aim. To investigate the plasma concentrations of insulin-like growth factor (IGF, somatomedin C), triiodothyronine, thyroxine and insulin in cows during prepartum and postpartum periods. Methods. Enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay, clinical and statistical methods. Results. It was demonstrated that the plasma concentration of IGF, triiodothyronine, thyroxine, and insulin is lower in postpartum cows compared to the interlactation ones. Strong positive correlation dependence (r = 0.7) between the levels of thyroxine and somatomedin C was found on the 2 nd –4 th day after calving. The plasma concentration of all the investigated hormones increased in cows on the 10-14 th day of postpartum period and remained stable until days 30–40. Strong correlation dependence between the levels of somatomedin C and insulin (r = 0.7) was found on the 10- 14 th day of the postpartum period. Conclusions. It was determined that somatomedin C is one of the energetic balance regulators in dairy cows.
Antisense-DNA technologies are new strategy for the treatment of prion infections. This strate gy requires prolonged administrations of the drugs, which are likely to alter cell redox processes. Aim. The evaluation of cell survival and intensity of oxidative processes in vitro under the influence of antisense-oligodeoxynucleotides (asODNs) as cell prion inhibitors (PrP C ) complexed with cationic polyelectrolyte. Methods. Free diffusion in agarose gel, study of cytotoxic action on model cells (bull semen), polarography and potentiometric measurement of oxygen uptake, statistical analysis. Results. Poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) [-]based surfactants form complexes with asODNs. Polyethylene glycol containing surfactants increase oxygen uptake by cells: by 18 % (VI), by 37 % (IV) and 2.6-fold for V. An addition of the IV-asODNs complex into [the] cell medium did not affect the oxygen absorption; however, it increased reduction processes. Interpolyelectrolyte complex V-asODNs increased the cell respiration by 1.95 times. VI separately increased the cell absorption of oxygen by 18 % and in the complex with asODNs -by 36 %. VI possessed the lowest cytotoxicity. Conclusions. New cationic polyelectrolytes form complexes with asODNs. VI causes the smallest effect on the RedOx processes of model cells and possesses the lowest cytotoxic effect. K e y w o r d s: antisense oligodeoxynucleotides, polyelectrolyte complexes, cytotoxicity, redox processes, prion.
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