The term ''Internet-of-Things'' is used as an umbrella keyword for covering various aspects related to the extension of the Internet and the Web into the physical realm, by means of the widespread deployment of spatially distributed devices with embedded identification, sensing and/or actuation capabilities. Internet-of-Things envisions a future in which digital and physical entities can be linked, by means of appropriate information and communication technologies, to enable a whole new class of applications and services. In this article, we present a survey of technologies, applications and research challenges for Internetof-Things.

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Abstruct-Emerging applications require a substantially higher bandwidth than the one offered by current network. The technology necessary for providing high bandwidth on the optical fibers, by means of wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), is available. However, none of the network architectures proposed so far can efficiently tap this bandwidth in the wide area domain, due to the limitations imposed by the processing, buffering, and switching required in these solutions. In this paper we propose a novel architectural approach that meets the high bandwidth requirements by introducing a communication architecture based on lightpuths, optical transmission paths in the network. Since lightpaths form the building block of the proposed architecture, its performance hinges on their efficient establishment and management. We show that although the problem of optimally establishing lightpaths is NP-complete, simple heuristics provide near optimal solutions for several of the basic problems motivated by a lightpath based architecture.

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