No abstract

The F2laser is a promising source for direct etching of microstructures and the precise shaping of optical-grade surfaces on wide bandgap materials such as fused silica. We report here on residual tensile stresses induced in fused silica (Coming 7940, UV grade) by 157-nm laser ablation. Plastic strain of 160-mm thick rectangular strips, monitored with an optical interferometric microscope, revealed the presence of residual tensile stresses in the near-ablated surface. HF chemical thinning of the sample showed the thickness of ablation-affected layer provoking strain was ∼275 nm, a value independent of laser fluence (1.9-4.7 J/cm2) and scanning speed (94 - 220 µm/s). A near-surface mean residual tensile stress of ∼80 MPa was inferred from a thin film-substrate approximation.

While a patriotic tendency in traditional journalism has been intensively investigated, there is much less evidence and fewer analyses of the phenomenon regarding online journalism. In this research, three main indicators of patriotic journalism are addressed: adopting governmental framing, expressing solidarity with the community, and ignoring the enemy’s narratives and positions. These indicators are investigated while analyzing online coverage of a confrontation between Israel and Hamas. A total of 192 online news items on three Israeli news websites were analyzed, in addition to 8344 user comments. The findings reveal that journalists behaved in a patriotic manner like their counterparts from the traditional media. However, users thought it was not patriotic enough. The authors argue that while patriotic behavior in traditional journalism has been often considered as deviant from the traditional objective model of journalism, in the online interactive environment, patriotic coverage of national conflicts might be seen as a natural part of the journalistic work.

No abstract

No abstract

В статье комплексно рассматривается местное управление в Сибири накануне революции 1917 г. Особое внимание уделяется полномочиям и деятельности местного управления, а также роли в нем административно-полицейских органов. Выявлено, что полномочия административно-полицейских органов в регионе имели свою специфику и были значительно более широкими, чем в центральных губерниях Российской империи. Для поддержания порядка в крае накануне революции 1917 г. использовались чаще всего репрессивные меры. Сочетание полицейского произвола, основанного на формализме и бумаготворчестве, с репрессивными мерами было обычной практикой местного администрирования в Сибири. Экономика Российской империи оказалась не подготовлена к долговременному напряжению, война и связанные с ней проблемы вели к разрушению и стагнации хозяйства. Сибирский регион, как составная часть России, не был исключением. Вступление страны в Первую мировую войну привело к резкой дестабилизации социально-экономической и политической обстановки. Подъем антиправительственных настроений, наряду с неизбежным ростом преступности, показал, что время, имевшееся для модернизации регионального управления, было упущено. Война послужила катализатором деградации политической системы империи. Рост социальной напряженности и глубокий экономический кризис в крае в значительной мере парализовали деятельность местных административно-полицейских органов и обусловили их деградацию. Это объяснялось целым комплексом причин и предпосылок как объективного, так и субъективного характера. Важнейшей из причин стал всеобъемлющий структурный кризис во всех сферах жизни государства и общества. Система административно-полицейского управления в крае, как и во всей стране, начала давать сбои, так как плохо была приспособлена к оперативному реагированию на события и возникающие проблемы. Не выдержав новых нагрузок, она быстро деградировала и разрушилась под натиском революционных событий в феврале-марте 1917 г.

The submitud manuscrip1 has been authored by a contractor AbstractAvailable data on two alloys from the EBR-II driver fuel development program have been utilized in the construction and validation of mechanistic models aimed at elucidating swelling mechanisms in high density uranium alloys. Swelling predictions are made under ATR conditions for U-1OMo fuels, currently under irradiation in the ATR, and for U-1OZr.

The correlation method of the coolant flow measuring is widely used in research practice including for studying of turbulent coolant flows in scale models of elements of nuclear power plants. The aim of this work was to develop a technique for assessing the effect of noise recorded by a measuring system on the flow rate readings obtained using the correlation method.A technique to assess the effect of noise as well as the relative position and acquisition period of sensors is presented. An insignificant concentration of a salt solution (NaCl or Na2SO4 ) is used as a passive impurity which creates a conductivity gradient of the medium recorded by a conductometric system. Turbulent pulsations at the interface between two concurrent isokinetic flows in a channel with a square cross section are used as the signal source for the correlational algorithm.Paper presents the values of  the  turbulence′s  transport  time  between  spatial  conductometers, the results of estimating the spectral power density and band of the recorded signal and also the signalto-noise ratios of the measuring system obtained on their basis which are subsequently used to estimate the confidence interval of the transport time.As a result of measurements the relationship between the confidence  interval  value  and  the signal length were obtained. The measurements which were carried out at different relative positions of conductometers make it  possible  to  make  a  conclusion  about  an  increase  in  the  spectral  width of the signal and, as a consequence, a decrease in the length of the confidence interval with increasing of distance between sensors.The presented work is an approbation of this approach for its application as part of an experimental model of a nuclear reactor in order to determine per-channel flow rates in the channels of the core simulator using mesh conductometric sensors taking into account the effect of noise.