Education is a milestone in the development of a nation, through quality education is certainly correlated with the competitiveness of a nation. One important element in education is the availability of teacher staff. As part of an important element in the world of education, the professionalism of the teacher's role in the learning, teaching and education processes has a bearing on improving the quality of education. Responding to these conditions, various efforts have been made to reform the education system and its equipment in Indonesia. In accordance with Permendikbud's explanation No. 16 of 2007 concerning professional competence of teachers, an Islamic religion teacher either teaching in madrasas or required to have scientific insights related to Islamic religious education subjects namely Al-Quran-Hadith, Fiqh, Akidah-Akhlak , and Islamic History.
The study of voting behavior is a sub-field of Political Science. Voting represents an important aspect of public participation in a democratic system. Keeping in view the importance of voting behavior in a democratic dispensation, social scientists have paid much attention to its determinants. At least three kinds of theoretical models can be discerned in the works of social scientists: a sociological model, a psycho-social model, and a rational choice model. The focus of the sociological model is on social factors, the psychosocial model focuses on psychological or political factors, while the rational choice model emphasizes economic factors. The main aim of the paper is to present a brief overview of these three kinds of models comparatively.
Keeping in view the political shifts in the wake of 9/11 incident, new social and political trends/concepts have emerged which affected the nations across the world particularly the Muslim world, wherein a wave of extremism and conservatism was seen to be set in. In consequence, Pakistan embarked upon to make reforms in the curriculum to avoid that wave. Accordingly, Musharraf government has adopted education reform under the banner of enlightened moderation and introduced curriculum to construct Pakistani nationalism in the context of liberal citizenship to curtail the issues like extremism and conservatism spread under the slogan of Islamization. This study pinpoints the overall impact of Musharraf policy changes upon curriculum and its role in the construction of liberal citizenship. This study uses secondary data in the shape of policy texts and curriculum of social studies. This study uses discourse analysis to analyse policy text and curriculum. The findings of the study have pointed out that the government has introduced modern contents such as life skills and scientific knowledge to tackle prevailing issues by removing biased and outdated contents from existing curricula. This study has recommended that effective policy measures to construct liberal citizenship should only be realized with effective implementation.
Pesantren adalah lembaga yang bergerak di bidang pendidikan, maka tuntutan untuk memperbaharui system pendidikannya adalah keniscayaan agar menjadi sebuah institusi pendidikan modern yang siap berkompetisi dan bersaing dengan lembaga-lembaga pendidikan lainnya, Untuk itulah perlu satu sistem pendidikan yang komprehensif yang dapat difungsikan melalui transmisi baik dalam bentuk pendidikan formal maupun nonformal yang pada akhirnya dapat mengaktualisasikan hakikat hidup manusia karena manusia selalu terlibat dalam berbagai perubahan zaman. Oleh karena itu, dinamika pesantren masa depan tidak bisa dipisahkan dari proses globalisasi. Sebaliknya justru eksistensi pesantren masa depan sangat ditentukan oleh kemampuannya berintegrasi secara kultural dengan sistem internasional, yang ditandai dengan tata hubungan yang semakin rasional, dinamis, dan kompetitif.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.