The purpose of the present work was the anatomical, histological and histochemical description of Rhamdia quelen juvenile digestive system. Samples of gut were fixed, dehydrated and included in paraffin and then stained with haematoxylin and eosin. For the identification and differentiation of mucosubstances the preparations were treated with Periodic Acid Schiff, Alcian Blue pH 0,4 and 2,5 and PAS/AB pH 2,5. Anatomical details of the oesophagus were like a short tube with primary and secondary mucous folds. The stratified epithelium is composed of three cellular types: small cells, abundant goblet cells with acid and neutral mucosubstances (MS) and large acid cells. The stomach is J-shaped and its mucosa presents broad and deep folds in relaxing state. Histologically, the stomach shows three different regions: cardiac, fundic and pyloric region. The luminal surface of the epithelium consists of a layer of secretory columnar cells of neutral MS. Tubuloacinar glands were surrounded by connective and muscular smooth fibers bundle. The intestine extends from the stomach until the anus, and four different sections can be distinguished: ascending, descending, convoluta and terminal straight. It was identified a simple columnar epithelium mainly composed by two cellular types: absorptive cell and goblet cell neutral MS secretory. On the basis of the anatomical and histological study carried out, we conclude that R. quelen presents an alimentary canal compatible with species that possess omnivorous nutritious habits.
INTRODUÇÃOA produção de jundiá (Rhamdia quelen) em piscicultura é uma crescente atividade que deve ser baseada, entre outras coisas, na obtenção de larvas de boa qualidade. Embora tenha sido demonstrada a importância dos organismos vivos na alimentação das larvas de jundiá (LUCHINI & SALAS, 1985), nos últimos anos, os pesquisadores utilizaram outras estratégias alimentares, tais como a co-alimentação (organismos vivos + alimentos artificiais) (BEHR et al., 2000;CARNEIRO et al., 2003;HERNÁNDEZ et al., 2006) e os alimentos exclusivamente artificiais ULIANA et al., 2001;CARDOSO et al., 2004), os quais se mostraram mais vantajosos em relação ao alimento vivo, uma vez que sua produção é mais fácil e econômica (LAZO, 2000). Assim, diferentes fontes de proteína foram avaliadas para melhorar o desempenho em larvas de peixe. A utilização de fígado de aves cru na alimentação de larvas de jundiá demonstrou bons resultados no ganho de peso e na sobrevivência, em comparação com a farinha de hidrolisados de fígado ou peixe (CARDOSO et al., 2004).Além disso, foi avaliada a incorporação de probióticos nas rações artificiais, seja como fonte de proteína (PIAIA & RADÜNZ NETO, 1997)
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