The aim of current study is the risk assessment of biochemical variables of medical importance, vitamin D and calcium, in pathogenesis of Diabetes Mellitus Type II (T2DM) human beings and the risk assessment due to variation of these biochemical variables in diabetic patients. One hundred subjects (n=100) were recruited from different hospitals in Lahore (31.5204° N, 74.3587° E) after taken informed consents individually. This study was approved by the ethical committee of Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore. Subjects were equally divide in two groups; diabetic (case group; n=50) and non-diabetic (control; n=50). Calcium and vitamin D levels were measured by the biochemical laboratory of Hospitals. Finally the data was statistically analyzed by using SPSS software (Version 16). A total of 52 % males and 48 % females were investigated for changes in serum calcium and vitamin D in relation to their biochemical importance in Diabetes Mellitus. Both calcium and vitamin D levels were significantly low in diabetic group (p=0.003 and p=0.001 respectively) as compare to control group. Persons correlation showed calcium and vitamin D were directly proportional to each other (R2= 0.577). Odds ratio showed that the low vitamin D and low Calcium levels were 3.47 and 3.17 time more prevalent in diabetic group as compare to the non- diabetic group. Diabetes Mellitus is an increasing health issue in world causing severe morbidity and mortality. So it is important to investigate the non-conventional risk factors of Diabetes Mellitus. Thus, the current study illuminates the risk assessment of altered levels of vitamin D and calcium, their possible pathogenesis in Diabetes Mellitus. It can be concluded from this study that supplementation of vitamin D and calcium till to the normal physiological limits can help not only lowering the risk of diabetes but may also prevent its progression.
During the novel coronavirus pandemic, also known as SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19 pandemic, frontline healthcare professionals suffered psychological as well as pathological trauma due to the lack of preparation to cope with this unforeseen situation. The protocols to prevent the spread of this disease proved to be less effective than anticipated. In these circumstances, improvement of the existing triage system was felt and an AUDIO-VISUAL TRIAGE (AVT) system was introduced to enhance confidence as well as increase the safety of frontline healthcare professionals. The current analysis was performed from March 21, 2020, to April 28, 2020, until the completion of sixty response forms, at Bahria Town International Hospital, Lahore. Thirty participants (Group A) deployed on visual triage and other thirty (Group B) on AVT for screening suspected cases of COVID-19 infection. Anxiety levels were measured by using the GAD-7 scoring system and the participants of both groups were periodically tested for COVID-19 infection by PCR. Independent t-test was used to evaluate the significance of different variables at a confidence level of 95%. The result of the current study revealed the effectiveness of AVT for the screening of COVID-19 patients. There was a statistically significant increase in anxiety levels and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection rate in group A as compared to group B. Almost all participants in group A wanted to shift their place of work or ready to quit the job if they were forced to perform their duties at the same visual triage. AVT system for COVID-19 screening found to be more safe and less stressful than visual triage. It is not only a simple and effective way to prevent the spread of diseases but also boosted the confidence of frontline healthcare professionals to fight against coronavirus spread.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.