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Results of numerical simulations of explosion events greatly depend on the mesh size. Since these simulations demand large amounts of processing time, it is necessary to identify an optimal mesh size that will speed up the calculation and give adequate results. To obtain optimal mesh sizes for further large-scale numerical simulations of blast wave interactions with overpasses, mesh size convergence tests were conducted for incident and reflected blast waves for close range bursts (up to 5 m). Ansys Autodyn hydrocode software was used for blast modelling in axisymmetric environment for incident pressures and in a 3D environment for reflected pressures. In the axisymmetric environment only the blast wave propagation through the air was considered, and in 3D environment blast wave interaction and reflection of a rigid surface were considered. Analysis showed that numerical results greatly depend on the mesh size and Richardson extrapolation was used for extrapolating optimal mesh size for considered blast scenarios.

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A brief review of experimental methods for testing blast effects on structures is presented. Methods are classified in four groups: field tests, shock tubes, pendulum systems, and new techniques (blast simulator). Description of each method is given together with overall specification of possible instruments used in each test. In today’s modern era of computers which are becoming powerful tool implemented in all aspects of life and also scientific research, comparison of experimental and numerical techniques is also given. Comparison of data obtained from different experimental methods show that careful planning and execution leads to reliable results in terms of pressure, impulse, stress, and damage quantification.

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Sažetak: Ležajevi su elementi kojima se prenose različita djelovanja s rasponskoga sklopa na potpore. Oni su veza gornjeg i donjeg ustroja mosta. Predviđeno funkcioniranje ležajeva treba biti ispunjeno kroz cio vijek trajanja mosta, a ako neke konstrukcije ne udovoljavaju zadanim uvjetima okoliša, potrebno je predvidjeti mogućnost njihove zamjene. Slika unutarnjih sila u elementima donjeg i gornjeg ustroja mosta je bitno određena rasporedom njegovih ležajeva. Stoga je potrebno dobro razmotriti njihov raspored. U radu će se dati pregled nekoliko rasporeda ležajeva i njihov utjecaj na naprezanja u pločastom rasponskom sklopu te raspodjelu momenata savijanja u naglavnim gredama.