Osteoartritis (OA) lutut merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat utama yang mengakibatkan nyeri dan disabilitas. Sampai saat ini masih belum jelas diketahui dampak penyakit OA lutut dilihat dari derajat nyeri dan klasifikasi radiologik OA dengan kualitas hidup pasien OA lutut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan derajat nyeri dan klasifikasi radiologik OA dengan kualitas hidup pasien OA lutut. Penelitian ini adalah studi analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sebanyak 85 pasien OA telah dipilih secara consecutive dan dinilai kualitas hidupnya yang terdiri atas delapan komponen menggunakan kuesioner SF-36, derajat nyerinya menggunakan numeric rating scale (NRS), serta secara radiologik berdasar atas klasifikasi Kellgren-Lawrence (KL). Penelitian ini dilakukan di RS Al-Islam Bandung selama periode April–Juli 2018. Data dianalisis dengan SPSS melalui Uji Kruskal-Wallis. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan mayoritas pasien OA lutut mengalami derajat nyeri sedang (50%) termasuk dalam klasifikasi radiologik OA moderat (43%) dan skor kualitas hidup 548 (265,63–728,5). Penelitian ini menunjukkan hubungan bermakna antara derajat nyeri dan kualitas hidup pada aspek nyeri dan vitalitas (p=0,000 dan 0,005) serta hubungan klasifikasi radiologik OA dengan kualitas hidup aspek fungsi sosial (p=0,027). Disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan derajat nyeri dengan kualitas hidup pada aspek nyeri dan vitalitas serta hubungan klasifikasi radiologik OA dengan kualitas hidup pada aspek fungsi sosial.
Open defecation free (ODF) merupakan salah satu target terpenting dalam Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) yang ditujukan memutus rantai transmisi penyakit menular. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui perilaku buang air besar sembarangan (BABS) yang masih dilakukan oleh masyarakat, sekaligus menganalisis berbagai faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap upaya eliminasinya menggunakan model behavior change wheel. Penelitian ini merupakan studi cross sectional dengan melibatkan 210 orang penduduk Desa Mangunjaya, Kabupaten Bandung yang dipilih secara cluster random sampling periode April 2017. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara menggunakan kuesioner tervalidasi, lalu dianalisis menggunakan software SPSS 20 dengan uji chi-square dan Spearman Rank Correlation. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 28,6% penduduk Desa Mangunjaya yang masih mempraktikkan kebiasaan BAB sembarangan 22,4% penduduk yang tidak memiliki jamban. Ditemukan korelasi positif yang signifikan perilaku BABS dengan faktor motivasi (r=0,584), kemampuan (r=0,638), dan kesempatan (r=0,548). Terdapat perbedaan persepsi antara warga yang masih melakukan BABS dan yang tidak melakukan BABS mengenai faktor apa yang dinilai menghambat kepemilikan dan penggunaan jamban. Meskipun keduanya menyatakan bahwa faktor biaya adalah penghambatan utama, warga yang melakukan BABS cenderung menyalahkan lokasi desa sebagai hambatan terbesar kedua, sementara warga yang tidak BABS menilai bahwa kurangnya edukasi justru menjadi faktor terpenting selain hambatan biaya. Masih terdapat warga yang BABS dan tidak memiliki jamban dipengaruhi oleh faktor motivasi, kapabilitas, dan kesempatan. Peningkatan pengetahuan dan kepemilikan jamban perlu diupayakan lebih serius karena merupakan determinan terpenting pencapaian kondisi open defecation free di Desa Mangunjaya. BARRIER OF OPEN DEFECATION FREE Open defecation free (ODF) is one of the most important target in Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) that is intended to break the transmission chain of infectious diseases. This research aims to discover the open defecation (OD) behavior as well as to analyze factors that influence its elimination effort using behavioral change wheel model. This was a cross sectional study involving 210 villagers from Desa Mangunjaya, Bandung during April 2017 who were randomly selected with cluster random sampling method. Data were taken through interview using validated questionnaire, then analyzed using SPSS 20 with chi-square and Spearman rank correlation test. This research found there were 28.6% of residents in Desa Mangunjaya who are still practising OD and 22.4% do not have latrines. There was a significant positive correlation between OD behavior with motivational factor (r = 0.584), capability (r: 0.638), and opportunity (r: 0.548). There was a difference of perception between residents who were still practicing OD and who were not, on what factors are considered to inhibit the ownership and use of latrines. Although both placed the cost factor as the main barrier, residents who practicing OD tend to assess the location of the village as the second greatest obstacle, meanwhile the second group put the lack of education as a major factor in addition to cost constraints. The achievement of ODF condition in Desa Mangunjaya was inhibited by motivational, capability, and opportunity factors. Increasing latrines ownership and knowledge among villagers were very crucial, since they are the most important determinants.
The aim of this study was to compare the improvement of nutritional knowledge of maternal and children health centre cadres in Tamansari, Bandung through entrepreneurship and nutritional training. This was an analytical study with cross sectional approach that held while conducted a community service. Nutritional knowledge among the cadres measured using questionnaire pre and post the first phase of the training. The comparison analysed using Stata with dependent t-test. This study revealed that 24 cadres completed both pre and post questionnaire, other 3 cadres only returned one questionnaire. Based on the statistical analysis, there was a significance improvement on the level of nutritional knowledge after the training. The study concluded that entrepreneurship nutritional training can improve knowledge level on maternal and children health centre cadres.
This scoping review assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of general practitioners (GPs) regarding dietary advice for weight management. A systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and MEDLINE was conducted for any qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods studies published in the past five years that informed GPs’ dietary advice for weight control. Thirteen studies were included in the analysis after screening 881 papers. These studies tended to focus mostly on GPs’ practices rather than their knowledge and attitudes. The most frequently mentioned dietary advice was to reduce calorie intake; however, 32 different types of dietary advice were identified in the literature, including approaches such as intermittent fasting and a ketogenic diet that are not recommended in current guidelines. GPs showed varying levels of knowledge and attitudes regarding the best dietary advice for patients. Further research is needed to better understand GP perspectives, with efforts to assist GPs in providing tailored advice based on the latest evidence to improve patient outcomes required.
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