exchange current densities. Rather, this microcrack model addresses the need to improve H transport in the bulk of the material. In the case of as-cast ZrCrNi, the role of the multiphase composition is predominately in the initiation of microcracks and in control of their propagation. The generality of this mechanism to other materials remains to be demonstrated. We note that ZrCrNi is much more difficult to activate than most other alloys. The need for microcracking in ZrCrNi derives from an inherently low rate of H transport. Materials with higher H diffusivities may not require microcracking to achieve reasonable rates, but we note that, if such a microcracked microstructure could be created in other materials, their use as battery electrodes will be significantly improved.
The Y-Ba-Cu-O film prepared by chemical vapor deposition showed Tc=91.5 K and Bc2 (77.3 K)=60 T defined by zero resistance. The Jc values measured at 77.3 K were 7.8×105 A/cm2 at B=0 and 1.0×105 A/cm2 at 16 T, magnetic fields perpendicular to the c axis. Small disk-shaped precipitates possibly regarded as strong flux pinning centers in the Y-Ba-Cu-O films were observed using transmission electron microscopy. The evaluation of Jc related to the concentration and configuration of the precipitates was in reasonable agreement with the measured Jc values.
We construct a kink solution on a non-BPS D-brane using Berkovits' formulation of superstring field theory in the level truncation scheme. The tension of the kink reproduces 95% of the expected BPS D-brane tension. We also find a lump-like solution which is interpreted as a kink-antikink pair, and investigate some of its properties. These results may be considered as successful tests of Berkovits' superstring field theory combined with the modified level truncation scheme.
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